Black gem cultivation technology Black gems are rich in anthocyanins, which contain vitamins and antioxidants, such as lycopene, which are rich in color. The fruits are bright in color, the fruits are round and flawless, and they have a rich fruit aroma. The early plants are indigo rose, and the dark purple and black colors appear later. Like the color and unique flavor of plum, it is deeply loved by domestic and foreign planting users. It is suitable for planting around the picking gardens, sightseeing gardens, farms and gift food bases. The first domestic launch of the latest organic black tomato products, exclusive sale, welcome to buy Black tomato has the advantages of good taste, excellent coloring, high sugar content, good harvest uniformity, and strong disease resistance. Fruit weight is about 30-55 grams, ball type, purple black. The suitable average temperature for fruit production is between 19 and 30°C. It has a wide adaptability to soil and generally can be cultivated. However, it is not suitable for fertility in low-wet and poorly drained soil, and it is prone to soil infestation. Diseases, especially in the rainy season should be avoided, it is best to use protective cultivation. The black tomato roots are quite developed and able to withstand a considerable degree of drought. Cultivation in sandy loam can also produce high-quality tomatoes. In the event that medium-term fertility is not prosperous, the plants are prone to becoming weak, so fertilization and irrigation should be paid attention and the balance between nutrition and reproductive growth should be maintained at all times. Black gem cultivation technology Enlargement One line Plant spacing 1 mu planting number Planting methods 120 centimeters 2 lines 45 centimeters 2,000 strains Pillar cultivation 130 cm 2 lines 45 centimeters 1,800 strains 140 cm 2 lines 45 centimeters 1,600 strains The selected seedlings were planted on the side of the root surface with basal fertilization. One plant per planting distance was planted and the rooting water was poured after planting to ensure that the tomato planting seedlings did not return to the green period. Black gem cultivation technology Composting is mainly applied deep and early. In order to increase the quality of black gem tomato and increase the sugar content quickly, mu can be applied to 100 kg of vegetable cake fat. When the black tomato is pruned and cultivated, the base fertilizer is applied to the deep part of the soil by ditching, the topdressing is performed for the first time after the planting is alive (10 days after the planting is agreed), and the ring is applied 10cm at the plant week; the second time before the pillar is inserted, it is applied. The edge of the ripples, and then earth; the third time after the second 20 to 30 days, applied in the trench edge. Apply fertilizer after top dressing. The basal fertilizer is applied under the open channel and the topdressing is applied for the first time after the planting is alive. Under the condition of inconvenient irrigation, the fertilizer is dissolved in water and then is irrigated annularly in the plant week instead of irrigation; the second time in the early stage of flowering, the broad band is formed. Shih is on one side of the temple, and then he puts water in the soil. Silicone Cleanser Brush,Cleansing Silicone Brush,Best Silicone Cleansing Brush,Silicone Facial Cleansing Brush Shenzhen Jie Zhong Lian Investment Co., Ltd. , https://www.szmeizons.com
The ideal soil for black tomatoes is: deep and fertile soil, well-drained and well-maintained water, fertility, sandy loam with a soil pH range of 5.6 to 6.7, and clayy sandy loam.
First, the cultivation techniques
(A), sowing time:
The sowing time in the southern region of Black Tomato is divided into early August and early March. The northern region should be cultivated in a greenhouse conservation site and be planted at a suitable sowing date in the local area. From mid-August to mid-February, from September to September In mid-January, it is the most suitable; in the southern region, when open-field cultivation is adopted without pillars for cultivation, sowing in the greenhouse in January, setting in February, it is better to harvest before the arrival of the typhoon in July. If you sow in mid-September, you can also refer to it. When sowing early, the fruits in the early stage of ripening are in contact with the moist air, which will easily cause the rot of the eggplant. When the seeds are sown too late, they will enter the low temperature in the late stage of ripening, and the fruits will be poorly colored, and they will break fruit and rot. .
In the south, high and cold areas should be planted in summer time, or planted in high-cold areas after flat seedlings are raised, which can solve the problem of annual balance supply. When planting in late autumn, it should be carried out in a protected area or a greenhouse facility with the best quality.
(B), nursery:
Black tomatoes generally use nursery seedlings first. When the seedlings grow to the true leaf two leaves and one heart, they can be transplanted into the 8×8 cm nutrient bowl and continue to nurse until they are four-leaf or five-leaf and then transplanted to the field.
The basal bed of the seedbed was mixed into the bed soil within 5 cm deep and was used as a high bed. The seeds were sowed and the cover soil was about 1 cm thick. After covering the straw, water was poured. After germination to cover grass, weeding and top dressing are performed twice every other star. The seedlings grow up to 4 pieces of true leaves in nutrient bowls. About 20 to 25 days during the nursery. The first-generation hybrid seed is more expensive, and it is advisable to save the amount of seed. When the two cotyledons are unfolded, they are not excavated and transplanted into the aforementioned nutrient pods. This has the best effect. Seed beds and soils for nutrient use are best for adding organic fertilizers that are decomposed in the original soil.
(3) Doing planting:
After the land is smashed and smashed, according to the local sorghum habits, the basal fertilizer is applied after the width of the row spacing to make the sorghum, covering the soil in the north-south direction. The width and width of the sorghum are considerably flexible according to the variety and cultivation method. For example, table.
(Lian Ditch)
(d), pillars and pruning:
Pruning cultivation must be inserted pillars, the advantages of pruning cultivation with pillars:
(1) The ripening period is earlier and the effect is good.
(2) Fruit shape is large and neat, and glossiness is high.
(3) Ventilation and light transmission are relatively good, with less pests and diseases, and the spraying effect is better.
(4) It can also be cultivated in the wet season to increase the utilization rate.
(5) The harvesting is relatively labor-saving and reduces costs.
(6) High output per unit area.
(7) The fruit is clean.
The pruning of the black tomato buttress is usually done by single or double dry pruning. The single stems and pruning leaves only the top buds on the main branch to make them continue to grow. The side buds that occur between all other leafhoppers are all removed at young hours; when the double stems are pruned, One of the terminal buds on the main branch and one of the lateral buds below the first inflorescence remain. All other lateral buds are removed early. In the short growing period, in order to complete the harvest earlier, leaving a leaf topping on the 7th to 10th spikelets will not only promote early maturation of the fruits on the retained inflorescence, but also have a more neat fruit shape. If there are any buds on the flowering spikes, they should also be removed. After the result, the fruit with abnormal shape and diseases and pests should also be removed as soon as possible to avoid consumption of nutrients. Inserting pillars should be carried out after the first cultivation and top dressing and before the first flower is opened. The pillar insertion method can be divided into upright type, cross type on sulcus and cross type on sloping surface. When the stems are elongated, they are tied to the pillars at any time.
(e) Fertilizers and fertilization:
The effect of nitrogen fertilizer is most significant on black tomato fertilizer, and potassium fertilizer is also indispensable. The amount of nitrogen and potassium fertilizer is a multiple of common tomato, which is beneficial to the production of melanin. Insufficient application, plant fertility is weak and thin, low yield; excessive application, the thick leaves of the stem, easy to cause lengthy, falling, calcium deficiency and disease, and the fruit is relatively flat deformed. Phosphorus fertilizers can promote the development of new roots and increase the pollination rate, which is more important in the early stage of growth. Due to the lack of calcium (lime) and boron, black tomatoes are declining in quality and prone to diseases and insect pests. Therefore, reasonable use should be paid attention to. The amount of black tomatoes should be dictated by reference to soil fertility, cultivation methods, fertilizer sources and prices, and local fertilization experience. Organic fertilizers are generally used, and over 2000 kg of compost is used. The ratio of nitrogen:phosphorus:potassium fertilizer is 22:10:19.
(6) Other management:
Before the first and second top dressings were cultivated and weeded, and until the late growth stage, the roots were covered with soil, and it was not appropriate to plough them. Weeding herbicides can be used in black tomato fields. Reference can be made to the use of herbicides in vegetable gardens. Although the tomato is more resistant to drought, but fertility is inhibited when it is too dry; the soil can not be dried after planting, but the irrigation should not be too much after living, otherwise it is easy to cause diseases and soil infection, drainage should pay attention, do not make the trench Water. During the high temperature period, rainy season and dry season, the grass is used to prevent excessive soil temperature, soil erosion, hard soil surface and evaporation of soil moisture. When pruning, it is necessary to select a sunny day for the operation, and the deformed fruit and diseases and pests should be removed as soon as possible. If conditions are met, the two-color black plastic film covers the entire surface of the surface, and the best effect is achieved.
Second, pest control Black tomato diseases are mainly umbilical rot, bacterial wilt, late blight, leaf spot, powdery mildew, virus disease, etc.; insect pests mainly nematode nematodes, tomato night moth, aphids, eggplant and so on. Physiological diseases mainly caused by boron deficiency caused by the top buds are deformed or two buds occur symmetrically. Diseases and insect pests and physiological diseases are mainly based on the principle of "mainly prevention, comprehensive prevention and control." According to local production conditions, effective prevention and control.
Third, harvesting, grading, packaging Black tomatoes begin to bloom after 20 to 30 days after colonization, and mature after 30 to 35 days after flowering. When it is warm, it matures earlier and its melanin turns faster. In the cold, flowering and ripening are also slower.
(A), immature period: the fruit can not be cooked after this period of harvest, colorless.
(B), green ripening period: fruit shape has been developed to a fixed size, the number of fruit color has been turned white, there have been glial substances around the seeds in the room, after harvest can be cooked, but can not turn black and purple.
(C), the initial maturity: the fruit turns red and red purple.
(d) Mid-maturity: The fruit surface is mostly red and has a purple-black phenomenon.
(e), mature period: full of purple-black, but the flesh is still hard.
(6) Over-ripening period: The flesh begins to soften, and severe cracking occurs.
If black tomatoes are used as fruits or vegetables in the local market, they should be harvested when most of the fruit is in the ripening stage; in high temperature and in the rainy season, the fruit should be cracked, and the market should be harvested from the layer where the fruit stems and small fruit stems are used. Then leave the pods to cut short peduncles, and some markets may not have fruit pods; fruit processing can be done without fruit pods. In areas with long distances to export, it is recommended to use low-temperature transportation at 10~15°C to suppress subsequent ripening. However, if the temperature is lower than 5°C, frostbite will not mature.