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1, broodstock breeding
1.1 Preparation of broodstock pond The broodstock pond is preferably a cement pool with a convenient drainage system. It has an area of ​​20-30 square meters, a pool depth of 60-70cm, and the bottom of the pool is the cement substrate, with a slope of 10% toward the outlet. At the outlet, there is a groove with a depth of 30cm and an area of ​​about 1 square meter, which is good for the dry pool to catch broodstock. If the broodstock pond does not leak water or seep water, it is best to use an outdoor pool that can support plastic sheds in a room with good light transmission conditions to prevent frostbite of broodstock in winter, and it is also helpful to increase the effective accumulated temperature. Increase the survival rate of broodstock overwintering and the success rate of progeny early reproduction in the second year. After the broodstock is selected, drain the pool water and use a 20mg/L potassium permanganate solution to disinfect the whole pool 2 days before stocking. After washing, fill in the water and use 40 meshes for the clothes. Filtration facility filtration.
1.2 Selection of broodstock Broodstock has a direct impact on the success or failure of artificial breeding, and selection work is generally conducted before winter. Age is controlled between 2 and 3 years old. Parents should not be older than 4 years old. Selection criteria: The fish body should be strong, the body surface should be brilliance, the color should be bright, the scales and fins should be complete, no injury, the body length should be above 10cm, preferably 15cm. Above, the male is smaller than the female; the variety should be pure, fully in accordance with the countable and quantitative trait standards of the variety; the body type should be standard, and the tail type should be standard; the ratio of female to male should be selected and kept as 1:2, and the special variety can reach 1:1.5.
1.3 Breeding of broodstock Broodstock should be put into broodstock immediately after selection. Each breed has a special pool culture. The best conditions for male and female culture.
1.3.1 Feeding broodstock feed Generally, buoyant granules with a protein content of about 30% are used, and the daily feeding amount accounts for 1% to 2% of the total weight of the fish, which should not be excessive. Daily or fixed-point feeding is performed 2 to 3 times a day. In winter, when the water temperature is too low, it is only fed on a sunny day at noon, and the daily feeding amount is about 0.5% of the fish's body weight. It is possible to feed more fresh fish and worms when the broodstock is cultivated.
1.3.2 During the management of broodstock cultivation, attention should be paid to observation, changing the water every 5 to 7 days. Change water 1/5 or so. Oxygenate should be promptly oxygenated in time to prevent oxygen-deficient floating heads. In spring months before reproduction, the amount of live fish and worms must be increased. Daily flushing should be performed for half an hour to 1 hour to promote the development of gonads.
1.3.3 Diseases of disease-prevented broodstock are more serious in the process of cultivation. Attention should be paid to prevention. Once every 7-10 days, one bactericidal drug and parasite-killing drug should be used to disinfect the whole pool and kill insects, and fish diseases should be promptly and accurately detected. Diagnosis and treatment, timely removal of diseased fish, isolation, tools should be thoroughly disinfected.
2, artificial breeding When the water temperature is stable above 18 °C, and the weather has a good weather for 3 to 5 days, you can artificial breeding.
2.1 Preparation of spawning pool and ovaries When the water temperature reaches 18 °C. The spawning pool and ovaries should be ready at this time, and artificial breeding may be required at any time. Spawning ponds generally choose cement ponds with an area of ​​4 to 5 square meters, with convenient intake and drainage systems and inflatable equipment. After the pool is selected, it shall be thoroughly scrubbed, and the potassium permanganate solution with a concentration of 20 mg/L shall be used for whole-cell spillage and disinfection. The ovary should choose a long, soft, willow root (a willow root to be harvested before the first year of frosting) with a small diameter and a bundle of about 250 g. After washing and disinfecting, dry it.
2.2 Selection of spawning broodstock The spawning broodstock females should be selected for robustness. Reproductive holes slightly red and swollen, abdomen enlargement and slightly soft, obvious ovarian contour individuals, the male body selection is strong, star tracking is obvious, the abdomen genital hole is light pressure on the individual with semen outflow, the male is smaller than the female, ratio of male to female by 1:1.2 .
2.3 Artificial oxytocination Artificial oxytocin production is generally performed around 16:00 in the afternoon. It is conducive to estrus and oviposition at the middle of the night.
2.3.1 Production of oxytoproducing drugs There are LRH-A2, HCG, DOM and PG. It is better to use a mixture of multiple drugs.
2.3.2 Oxygen production method The method of pleural injection is adopted. The injection volume of each fish should not be too large. The injection dose is based on the development status of the fish body. Generally, 0.5 to 1 mg of PG is injected per kg of female fish, HCG 1:50 to 200 IU, DOM0. .3 ~ 0.5mg, LRH-A23 ~ 4μg, male dose halved.
2.4 Ovarian deployment The ovary is suspended from the spawning pool with a polyline, about 10cm from the surface of the water, and the placement density is generally between 1 and 1.5 per pair of broodstock. At the same time, an area equal to the spawning pool is laid at the bottom of the spawning tank. The mesh is a 40 mesh polyethylene mesh cloth. Prevent eggs from falling on the floor and cause damage.
2.5 Management of broodstock after injecting oxytocicides After the broodstock is placed on the urine-producing pool, care should be taken to maintain the microfluidic flow. Once the broodstock estrus is found to increase the amount of water flow. When a large number of broodstock lay eggs, the water quality will deteriorate rapidly. At this time, some pool water must be replaced in time, and at the same time, attention should be paid to replacing the ovaries and preventing the accumulation of eggs.
3, artificial hatching When the amount of eggs attached to the ovary reaches a certain density, the ovaries must be removed immediately and transferred to the hatchery for hatching.
3.1 Preparation of hatching tanks The hatching pool is preferably an indoor pool with a convenient drainage system. The area is generally within 30 square meters. The pool water is drained 2 days before the egg is laid. After cleaning and exposing, 20 mg/L of high manganese is used. Potassium acid solution shall be thoroughly sprayed and disinfected at the bottom of the tank and around the tank. After 1 day, the water shall be used for backup. When the water enters the water, it must be filtered by a filtering device made of mesh cloth of more than 60 mesh. The initial depth of water in the 50 ~ 60cm.
3.2 Ovarian deployment The ovary is surrounded by bamboo rods with a crossbar of about 50 cm from the pool and about 10 cm from the surface of the water. The distance between the ovaries is about 30 cm. Rainy days or nights should fall to a depth of 30cm below the surface of the water (there is no problem in the indoor pool), and the amount of eggs laid per square meter should not exceed 10,000.
3.3 Management When the water temperature is around 21°C. The fertilized eggs began to release after about 90 hours, and the freshly shed larvae still adsorbed on the ovary, relying on the yolk bundle to maintain the nutrition. At this time do not need to feed, but can not be removed from the ovary, and after about 70h, most of the larvae began feeding, this time should be fed some live small rotifers and horns, still have to retain the existence of the ovary, must be 24h The ovaries can be removed afterwards, and they can be left clean for continued use.
Once all of the fry have been ingested, they will enter the seedling cultivation stage. They can be sold at this time, and they can also be counted into the seedling cultivation pond for cultivation, and should not be left in the hatchery pond.
Goldfish is a variant of wild squid. China is the earliest country to breed goldfish in the world. After hundreds of years of continuous breeding at home and abroad, goldfish have become the most widely cultivated species of ornamental fish. Goldfish are generally divided into grass species, genus species, dragon species, egg species, and dragon back species. Currently, goldfish are in the breeding process. It is generally allowed to produce or use artificial observation, found estrus immediately remove, artificial extrusion, so that spawning fertilization. The fertilization rate of this method is not high, and the spawning time is not long, which is not conducive to hatching and seed breeding. The damage to broodstock is large and the labor intensity is high. With the development of aquaculture technology, this breeding method has gradually been eliminated and replaced by artificial reproductive aphrodisiac drugs. Promote estrus intensive estrus, spawning, fertilization, and incubation techniques. The entire artificial breeding technique of goldfish is described below.