At present, there are a large number of brown shell laying hens throughout the country. Some chicken farms rearing this kind of chicken species report that chickens sometimes suffer from white, lighter or pigmented egg shells, and are associated with poor eggshell quality. The following briefly analyzes and summarizes the reasons for the lightening of the shell color.

1. Germplasm factors White-shelled chickens are crossed with brown-shelled laying chickens, and the chickens of their offsprings show the middle shell color. If Whitebred cocks are crossed with colored feather hens, the eggshells are lighter in color and darker when they are crossed. Modern chicken breeds are all hybrids of strains. Due to differences in the selection of breeding materials used by breeding companies, or in the breeder farms that did not produce hybrids as required, there was some inconsistency in the eggshell color of some layers.

2. Fallopian tube lesions According to investigation and analysis, the vast majority of brown shell eggshell lightening and disease occurred in chickens. When the pathogen invades the chicken body, it can directly or secondary cause pathological changes in different degrees of the reproductive tract, the fallopian tube appears edema, congestion or hemorrhage, causing severe necrosis, mucosal epithelial shedding, so that the eggshell gland synthesis and secretion of calcium and pigment function Part or total loss. The diseases most seriously endangered include chicken Newcastle disease, egg-reducing syndrome, transmission, chicken and bird flu. Due to serious violation of the reproductive system, in addition to causing a sharp decline in egg production, eggshell thinning, increased shellless eggs, accompanied by eggshell fade fade, whitening and other typical clinical symptoms. It has been demonstrated that these diseases have reproductive system lesions.

3. The use of drugs It has been reported that taking nicarbazin anticoccidial can interfere with the synthesis of these pigments, resulting in normal production of brown shell egg breeds. Chicken egg laying period prevention or treatment of common or contagious drugs, such as sulfonamides, olaquindox, anticoccidial drugs or anthelmintic drugs, the use of time or the amount of inappropriate, but also have an adverse effect on the formation of eggs. For example, levamisole insecticides are prohibited during the open and peak periods, and long-term sulfa drugs should not be fed to prevent the inhibition of carbonic anhydrase activity and the formation of normal eggshell pigments.

4. Other factors According to the sampling of the eggs produced by a certain disease-free flock, eggs with lighter eggshell or brown spots were also found. According to some information, the shell color is darker at the beginning of the laying period and the lighter period after the laying period. This is related to the decline of reproductive function and needs further confirmation. In general, eggshell pigment formation has nothing to do with the lack of certain nutrients, but indirect effects exist. For example, VA deficiency can cause the normal mucosal epithelium of the fallopian tube to be replaced by stratified keratinized epithelium, causing dysfunction. Some scholars believe that the eggs produced by chickens that are mildly stressed or disturbed for a short time are covered with extra calcium and produce unpleasant eggshell colors. Other foreign scholars have also found that the incidence of abnormal colors, malformations, and other abnormal eggs is obviously related to the stress during egg formation. It also confirms the influence of environmental factors on eggshell structure and eggshell color. In short, to achieve a good eggshell color, there is a close relationship with the quality of hens feeding and management during the laying period.

5. Summary: 1 If the quality of the chicken breed or improper hybrid seeding produces brown shell color shades, it is not a pathological phenomenon. 2 Diseases are the main factors affecting the color of egg shells. In the short term, significant eggshell fading occurs and eggshell quality declines. It can be used as a symptom of chicken disease and diagnose the clinical symptoms of several major infectious diseases with reproductive system diseases. Once it is found that it is timely to make a diagnosis, and take appropriate preventive measures. 3 The depth of the eggshell color is not directly related to the dietary nutrition of the chicken, and it is not necessary to add certain nutrients as special additives for improving the color of the shell. The discoloration of eggshells cannot be used as the main basis for judging nutritional deficiency. Whether it is necessary to adjust the diet or increase the amount of trace elements and vitamins should be determined in conjunction with relevant inspections. 4 Improve the quality of feeding and management helps to improve the eggshell color.

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