In winter, the climate is cold and the sunshine hours are short. Pregnant sows often suffer from miscarriage, premature birth, stillbirth, and low survival rate. In order to achieve a high yield and high efficiency of sows, reduce the number of embryos to die, and improve their survival rate of sows, sow breeding and management should be done in winter. The specific approach is as follows: First, strengthen the breeding and management of sows and control the environment of the pig house. In breeding, the number of embryos can be minimized by strengthening the feeding and management of the sow and controlling the environment of the pig house. The temperature of the pig house should be maintained at 16-22°C and relative humidity 70%-80%. The amount of feed after mating should be reduced to the original low level, but the full price should be guaranteed and the house should be kept clean to reduce infection. Opportunity. Second, choose the appropriate feeding method. After the sow became pregnant, the fertilized egg was susceptible to various factors in the initial stage of the 9-13th day of planting. This was the first peak of death; there was a second death peak on the third day after pregnancy. The number of deaths accounts for 30%-40% of the total number of fertilized eggs; the third death peak occurs 60-70 days after mating. The feeding of pregnant sows should be different from pigs. The following three methods are commonly used in production: 1. Grab two in the middle. This method is suitable for poorly prepared sows. In other words, feeds are added 20 days before and 20 days after mating. After the body condition is restored, the green feed is mainly used. Feeding is carried out according to the feeding standards. After 80 days of pregnancy, fine feed is added, but the nutritional level in the later period should be higher than Early period. 2. "After rough finish." This method is suitable for mating sows with good precursors. That is, in the pre-pregnancy more feed green feed, and later feeding fine material. 3. "Step by step to ascend". This method is suitable for the production of sows and breeding sows during lactation. That is to say, in the early stages of pregnancy, mainly the roughage, gradually increase the proportion of concentrates, and accordingly increase the protein and minerals in the feed. However, it should be noted that the amount of feeding should be reduced by 10% to 20% during the first week of sow production. Third, timely and reasonable feeding. Satisfying the supply of nutrients is a requirement for the normal growth and development of sows and fetuses. The nutrients that the sow obtains from the diet first satisfy the needs of the fetus for growth and development, then supply itself and store nutrition for breastfeeding. In addition to providing enough energy and protein feed for the sow, production should also meet the needs of its minerals and vitamins. The diets fed to pregnant sows should pay attention to hygiene and quality assurance. It is forbidden to feed mildewed, frozen, poisonous, and irritating feeds. Otherwise it is easy to cause abortions. At the same time, care should be taken not to change feed formulas and formulas. Rough feeds should be fed less frequently, allowing sows to drink clean drinking water at any time. Fourth, in the second and third trimesters of pregnancy should reduce the amount of exercise, so that the sow free movement; sows must be raised in a single lap in the late pregnancy; if the discovery of abortion, progesterone should be promptly injected. 5. Appropriate application of hormone preparations to induce daytime sows in sows. In production practice, more than 70% of sows are born at night. There was a lot of difficulties in management at the time of farrowing, and many pig farmers suffered from disability due to poor management. If the sow can breed during the day, it is easy to monitor and manage, and it is easy to increase the temperature inside the house, which has a significant effect on improving the survival rate of piglets. Cloprostenol is a prostaglandin F2a analogue, which has a strong dissolution of the corpus luteum, while exciting female uteri and diastolic cervix muscles. The success rate of induced calving in sows is more than 95%. Tests have shown that intramuscular injection of 0.05 mg-0.1 mg of this preparation at around 8:00 in the morning can be delivered at around 12 noon the following day, with no obvious toxic or side effects. Sixth, do a good job of cold disinfection The cold winter weather is very important for cold and warm work. The delivery room is required to be dry, the humidity is kept at 65%-75%, the temperature is kept at 22-23°C, and the pighouse should be as far north as south as possible, with good daylighting and sunny leeward. Sunny and fresh air. The delivery room should be sterilized with 3% caustic soda water 5-10 days before the sow is born. The wall can be painted with 20% lime solution, and the sow should be sent to the delivery room 3-5 days before delivery. At the same time, ready for delivery. And plenty of grass. VII. Control common diseases as early as possible to ensure healthy development of the mother. Postpartum lochia is one of the main causes of postpartum anorexia or postpartum alopecia syndrome. It prevents and controls the inflammation of the birth canal early. It is the primary task in the management of farrowing sows. The specific approach is: When the litter is over or when the tires are placed in the row, the long-acting penicillin 1.2 million IU 2/100 kg body weight, Antong Ding 10ml-15ml, dexamethasone sodium phosphate 10mg, and oxytocin 20IU-40IU are intramuscularly injected. Within 3 days postpartum, the sows are anorectic or have poor appetite and no lochia, and they choose: 1 fast-acting appetizing and increasing food intake 5ml-10ml, compound bile A injection 10ml, intramuscularly, twice a day, once every 3 days; 3 composite VB Injection 5ml, pesoxerine injection 5ml, mixed 1 intramuscular injection twice a day for 3 days. If there is still lochia within 3 days after delivery, use 11% concentrated saline to wash the uterus, and then inject gentamicin 160,000 I鄄U, or ciprofloxacin injection 10ml; 21% potassium permanganate solution to wash the uterus , Inject antibiotic medication after flushing fluid. Eight, early to eat colostrum, timely iron, early control of yellow and white dysentery The content of protein in colostrum is very high, among which 60%-70% are immunoglobulins. Since piglets do not have innate immunity at birth, they can only acquire immunity after they have eaten colostrum. When the piglet was born, the intestinal epithelium was in its original state and had the function of absorbing macromolecular immunoglobulins. It began to decline after 6 hours and almost lost this function after 12 hours. Therefore, eating colostrum early and eating colostrum is an effective measure to improve the disease resistance of piglets. In practice, the body of the piglet is often wiped clean and the mucus in the mouth is wiped clean. After the umbilical cord is disinfected, it is assisted in breast-feeding so that each newborn piglet can eat colostrum. For weak piglets with weak individual strength, first remove the mucus from the mouth and wipe off the liquid from the fetus. Dilute 50% warm glucose solution 10ml-15ml. Then put it in a 35°C heat source and bake it. After its good state of mind, eat colostrum again. In the next few days, artificial milk should be eaten. Fixing the nipples is an effective way to achieve balanced development of piglets, and it is also an effective measure to prevent piglets from fighting and fighting for milk. The fixed nipples should be adjusted according to the wishes of the piglets, and should be positioned only for individual weak piglets. It is advisable for other piglets to avoid eating the same nipple. Weaknesses generally choose to be fixed on the first two or three pairs of nipples. Iron supplementation is timely and early prevention of yellow and white diarrhea occurs at the 3rd day of age. METHODS: Injecting 1 ml subcutaneously on the medial side of the posterior unit can prevent iron deficiency anemia and diarrhea in piglets. If there is a threat of yellow and white fleas on the floor, then at the same time can be intramuscular injection of bacteria (long-acting sulfonamides, the main component SMM, TMP) 0.4m / head, 3d after the injection of 0.5ml / head, generally safe Over the danger period. Timely feeding and early feeding are effective measures to increase the weaning weight of piglets. Scientific feeding time should start from 7 days, but it needs patience. After opening the cavity by mouth, apply the paste to the base of the tongue to allow it to taste. At the same time several times a day, when there is a desire for self-feeding, it can be fed in the feeding trough to allow it to feed freely. The sows began to reduce their diets 2 days before giving birth, and on the day of farrowing, they only fed 1/3 of their usual feed. On the day after childbirth, light salt bran soup was fed. Nine, scientific arrangement of sow diet, increase milk yield The level of sow lactation is the result of the combination of feed quality and diet. Surveys of households in rural farms have shown that post-partum abortion diets are more effective than dry and wet ones, and it is better to feed 4 times a day than to feed 2 times a day. The general principles are as follows: Feeding begins on the second day after birth, and constants are given at the age of 5 days. Before this, avoid overeating and injuring the stomach and wait until its function is gradually restored before feeding. Daily intake of dried air should be greater than 4.5kg, in order not to waste feed on the principle of feeding 3 times -4 times a day, to maximize sow feed intake. During the peak period of lactation, the feed intake should be more than 6kg, and the daily feed volume should be reduced gradually to 3kg from 2d to 3d before weaning. Crude protein content in the lactation diet is ≥17%, lysine ≥0.85%, and digestive energy ≥3.2 MJ/kg. If 4% or more of fat is added, or 10% of cooked soybean is better, milk fat percentage can be increased.
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