China's agricultural planting has always been based on grain. However, due to the limited utilization of land for grain cultivation, it is difficult to maximize the income of farmers. Therefore, the development of new agricultural products has begun in rural areas, and some places have been visited before. It was discovered that farmers in some places began to plant pumpkins, and Xiaobian felt that pumpkin planting might usher in a new opportunity for profitability. Below, Xiaobian will talk to you about the technical points of pumpkin planting. The pumpkin alias is melon, papaya, melon, and squash. It is a plant of the genus Cucurbitaceae and Cucurbita. Annual vine herb; stems often rooted, extending 2-5 meters, densely white short bristles. The petiole is thick and native to Mexico and Central America, and is cultivated all over the world. It was introduced to China in the Ming Dynasty and is widely planted in various parts of the north and south. Tender fruit is sweet and palatable, and it is one of the melons in summer and autumn. Pumpkin planting should choose a land with high topography, good drainage, loose soil and good permeability. It is best to use sandy loam and light loam. It is not suitable for growing low-lying and easy-to-plant plots. The soil should be slightly acidic, with a pH between 5.5 and 6.8. The preparation of the land should be fine. Before the land preparation, 3,000 to 5,000 kilograms of high-quality farmyard manure and 20 kilograms of diammonium phosphate per 667 square meters can be applied. The sowing date is determined according to the specific conditions of the year and the local area. The basic principle is to avoid the final frost when seedlings are unearthed and to germination seeds. The Yangtze River Basin is generally in February-April. Early seeding with hotbed or cold bed seedlings, after mid-March and late March, can be mobilized after live broadcast. South China can be planted from February to September. It is mainly divided into spring sowing in 2-3 months and autumn sowing in August-September. A seedling pumpkin can produce many branches and forks. In order not to make the nutrients too scattered, it is necessary to make a fork. One seedling stays 2 to 3 main vines, and according to the soil strength and the growth of the melon seedlings, it can be beaten after having several births. bud. As long as the soil is fertile, the pumpkin is fertilized and watered. Generally, 3 to 5 leaves slip a melon, and the melon is not long. It is very easy to produce buds in the melons. It is necessary to pay attention to the removal. Otherwise, the melons will compete for nutrients, so that the melon nutrients are insufficient and withered. 1. Sowing at the right time: The cultivation of chestnut-flavored pumpkin is mainly based on spring planting. Seedlings are planted in January-February, and autumn planting can be broadcast live in August-September, but the virus disease is serious and the risk is high; the summer squash has strong cold tolerance, December Sowing seeds in mid-February of the next year or direct seeding cultivation in late autumn in October; China melon spring planting 2-3 months, seedlings in the first ten days, and live broadcast in the early autumn of July to early August is good. During the nursery period, the temperature management of “one high and one low†is adopted, that is, the high temperature is promoted after seeding to promote emergence, and after most of the seedling soil, ventilation is strengthened, and the temperature in the shed is appropriately lowered. The chestnut-flavored pumpkin and zucchini have better effects in winter planting. 2, timely transplant: should be used for 2-3 years without planting melons; light, good irrigation and drainage, soil pH 5.5-6.8 loam or sand soil block planting. When the seedlings are 2-3 pieces of true leaves, they can be transplanted. The dwarf variety has a width of about 1.5 meters and a plant spacing of about 0.6 meters. The long vine variety has a width of 2-2.5 meters and a plant spacing of 0.6-0.7 meters. It is cultivated in a single row and cultivated in a double row. In combination with the preparation of trenching, planting ditch mu will apply about 2000 kg of organic fertilizer, 0 kg of phosphate fertilizer and 15 kg of compound fertilizer. The transplanting was carried out on a sunny day with a cold-tailed warm head. The autumn planting virus disease is serious, and it can be properly planted, and the seedlings are fixed before the vines to preserve the seedlings. 3, whole vine branches: long vine varieties usually leave 2-3 vines per plant. You can top the 5-6 pieces of true leaves, choose 2-3 strong and uniform size vines, or leave the main vines, and then choose 1-2 strong vines. The remaining side vines must be removed. Dwarf zucchini is generally not topped for pruning. The old leaves and leaves are removed in time for the growth process. 4, fertilizer and water management: after transplanting, drench the root water. After slowing down the seedlings, use 0.5% urea to 1-2 times to promote seedling growth. Top dressing is generally divided into 2-3 times. The first time before the extension of the vine period or before the closure, combined with cultivating and weeding, 10 kg of compound fertilizer per mu, the second time in the fruit expansion period, 15 kg of compound fertilizer per mu, the third time The growth of the plants was 10 kg of compound fertilizer in the second and third fruit expansion stages. It needs more water during the fruit expansion period, so it should be watered at the right time. The occurrence of autumn plant virus disease has a great relationship with the supply of fertilizer and water in the early growth stage. Multi-leaching water fertilizer promotes the rapid growth of plants, avoids water shortage and lack of fertilizer, and can effectively alleviate the occurrence of viral diseases. There are many rains in spring planting, and drainage should be done to reduce the humidity in the field. In the middle and late stages of autumn planting, there is less rain, so we must do a good job in furrow irrigation. 5, flower protection fruit: pumpkin flowering period encountered high temperature or rain, easy to pollinate bad, not easy to fruit, should be artificially assisted pollination to improve the fruit set rate. Artificial pollination should be carried out in the morning, picking the newly opened male flowers, removing the corolla, and applying the pollen to the female stigma. Leave 2 leaves in front of the branching fruit, and choose a normal fruit for each vine to remove excess and deformity. The early spring planted zucchini has a low temperature in the early stage, more female flowers, less male flowers and less pollen. It is not suitable for pollination and fertilization, and it is easy to fall and fall. When the female flower is open, the female flower stigma can be spread with 20-30mg/kg of anti-falling pigment to promote fruit setting. 6. Prevention measures for falling flowers and falling fruits 1 Adjust the relationship between growth and results. Before the first melon is placed, the water and fertilizer supply should be controlled, the vegetative growth should be inhibited, the reproductive growth should be promoted, the pruning should be done in time, and the side vines should be prevented from being excessive. 2 artificial pollination. The pumpkin is a different plant, and it is necessary to spread the pollen by the insect medium in order to achieve the purpose of pollinating the melon. If the flowering period encounters rainy days, the insect activity is blocked, and if the artificial pollination is not carried out, the phenomenon of “sitting melon†will occur. Artificial pollination should be carried out at 6 to 8 in the morning. Take the male flowers, remove the petals, and let the stamens touch the female stigma. In addition, hormone treatment can also be used to promote sitting melon. 7, the harvest of pumpkin 40 days after the pollination of the female flower, the fruit matures. The mature sign is that the handle is lignified and protrudes outward. At this time, it can be harvested and stored in a cool and ventilated place. The fruit stalk should be kept 2 to 3 cm, which should not be too long. Recommended: Sticky corn, pumpkin, Chinese cabbage (radish) intercropping for efficient cultivation, can increase land value, farmers increase income. That is, the sticky corn is planted early on April 25, and the pumpkin is planted on May 15th. After the corn is harvested, cabbage or radish is planted. The above is the Xiaobian based on the experience of some large pumpkin farmers, summed up the technical points of pumpkin planting, have you learned? If you want to know more about agricultural technology, please pay attention to the Hui Nong School! 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