America's wind protection, alias celery radish, punnet radish, for the Umbelliferaceae European wind is a biennial herb. Native to Europe and West Asia. The ancient Greek era has been cultivated and planted in Europe and the United States. China's introduction from Europe and the United States has been cultivated for nearly a hundred years, but its area is very small. The edible part of America's windbreaks is its hypertrophic fleshy roots, which are also eaten by young leaves or used as feed. Wind-resistant leaves contain vitamins c and b, and carotene is higher than roots. Botanical characteristics Straight root fleshy, long conical, approximating carrots, pale yellow skin, flesh white. The leaves are pinnately compound, with longer petioles, purplish bases, and ovoid-shaped, dark green leaves with lobbed leaves and celery leaves. Umbrella inflorescence, summer and autumn flowers, small flowers, corolla white, lower ovary, 2 rooms. The fruit is double hanging fruit. Flat and wide oval, surrounded by fins, beige, there are many light brown arc stripes. There are two white seeds in each fruit. Thousand-grain weight is about 4.5 grams. Seed germination power can be maintained for more than 2 years at room temperature. [Requirements for environmental conditions] Hi cool climate, strong cold resistance. The fleshy root can safely overwinter in the field; when the temperature is below o°C, the aboveground part freezes to death, but in the early spring, the root can sprout again. Fertility optimum temperature 20-25 °C. Also relatively high temperature, the average temperature of 28 °C can still grow vigorously. Seed germination temperature of about 15-20 °C. It germinates slowly when it is above 25 degrees. Drought-tolerance is not tolerant to moisture. Excessive soil moisture causes perishable roots. However, if the soil moisture is too small, the growth will be poor and the quality will be poor. The windbreaks in America are suitable for deep, well-drained and fertile sandy loam. Need more phosphorus fertilizer, nitrogen: phosphorus: potassium is 1:3:1. The pH of the soil adapts strongly to the range of ph5-8. Windbreak seed is a photogenic germinating crop, and adequate light during the vegetative growth period will help improve yield and quality. Can pass through the lighting stage under long daylight. 【Cultivation techniques】 (1) Cultivation methods and cultivation seasons America's wind protection can be cultivated in spring and autumn in China. Before spring sowing, cabbage and spinach can be selected. The use of mulching or planting in the greenhouse can provide morning market. The spring sowing period is from late February to early April. Harvesting began in late June until late March of the following year. Before spring sowing, spring vegetables, cucumbers and beans can be grown. The autumn sowing period is from late August to early September. In the area south of the Yangtze River in China, the harvesting period for autumn sowing is from late December to March of the following year. (2) Selection of varieties The selection of suitable varieties depends on the market and local production conditions. The current cultivation of the following four main varieties. 7 Long-rooted windproof: The fleshy root is 40 centimeters long, conical, pointed at the end, and the neck is long conical. Approximate wild windproof. Long growth period (about 120 days), strong storage. 2 concave crown: fleshy root shoulder conical wide, flesh thick, slightly flat at the center of the neck slightly concave, the epidermis is smooth, elegant appearance, good quality flavor, single root weight of about 150 grams, 90-looking period of growth. 3 Round root wind protection: The roots of the fleshy roots are ridged into a gyro shape, with a diameter of about 12-15 cm and a length of about 7-10 cm. The leaves are small and slender. Rapid growth, early maturity, suitable for home garden cultivation. 4 France improved windbreak: fleshy root conical, wrinkled skin, long root short wind, is an older species. (3) Cultivation points 1 The choice of land: suitable for high dryness, good irrigation and drainage, and deep sandy loam. Deep plowing before sowing, the application of decomposed stacking manure as base fertilizer. It can be either high or flat. 2 sowing: sowing or drilling. The spacing of drills is 20 centimeters, 7.5 to 10.5 kilograms per hectare for seeding, 6 kilograms per hectare for sowing, suppression after sowing, and watering. 3 field management: Spring sowing, such as a good mood, about 15-20 days emergence, seeding when the seedlings have 2-3 true leaves when the first seedlings, seedlings from about 5 cm. When the seedling height is 12 cm, the second time the seedlings are made, the seedling distance is about 10-15 cm, the seedlings are 4-5 seedlings, and the seedlings are separated by 20 cm. When the seedlings combine weeding and cultivating loose soil. Appropriate top-dressing according to growth potential, generally the second time after the seedlings for a forced fertilizer, 450 kg of compound fertilizer per hectare, such as plant growth Mao green, can no longer top-dressing. Pay attention to drainage during the rainy season. Because the leaves of America's windbreaks contain furan/germidine, there are few insect pests. 【Harvesting】 Spring sowing windbreaks began harvesting in late June and can be harvested until late March in the following year. The early harvest yield is relatively low. The yield per hectare is only about 7,500 kilograms. The flavor is light, the texture is soft and storage is not tolerated. From 8 to lo month, it produces 11250-15000 kg per hectare, which is sweet and of good quality. About 22,500 kilograms per hectare are harvested in March of the following year, but the meat is older and more fiber or harder. The output per hectare for harvesting in autumn is about 15,000 kg. Harvesting should be carried out after the dew has dried, because the sun-curdant musk orange contained in the leaves can cause skin allergies. After the wind has been dug up, cut the leaves from the neck and store them in a cool, well-ventilated place for more than a month. If it is indoors at 0-2°C, the air humidity is 85% and can be stored for 3-4 months. [Prepare the seeds] Before winter, select the plants with thick roots, short necks, no roots, few roots, smooth roots, and well-shaped plants. Cut 1/4 of the roots, place them at a spacing of 60 cm and plant spacing of 50 cm. Farming can also be planted in the spring after cellaring. Planted in early April to May convulsions and flowering, flowering 15-20 days. From late June to mid-July, the seeds are ripe. When the fruit turns yellow, the ear is cut, dried and threshed, and the debris is cleared and stored for use. The yield per hectare is 750-1200 kg.

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