First, the type and structure of cages

Farming cages usually have two types of cages of 4m2 and 25m2, which are suitable for different feeding management modes. The size of the 4m 2 small cage is 2m X 2m X 1.7m, and the depth below the water surface is 1.5m: 25m 2 The cage size is 5m X 5m X 3.5m, and the depth below the water surface is 3m. The cage box is sewn from 3X3 or 3X4 mesh braided polyethylene mesh. The outer mesh net is 3.5-4.5 cm, and the inner mesh net is 2.5-3.5 cm. The cover net on the water is enclosed by a single-layer net cloth that extends upwards from the inner layer net cloth. The same layer of clothing. The cage is fixed on a square bamboo frame. The side length of the bamboo frame is 60-120 cm wider than the cage to ensure that the mesh is fully opened. The bottom of the cage is suspended at the four corners so that the bottom and walls of the cage are leveled. After the ground is opened, it is submerged into water to facilitate the exchange of water inside and outside the cage. The fish in the tank swim freely.

The feeding system of the small cages for feeding the sink feed was composed of a feeding tube and a food table under the water surface. At the bottom of the box, there was a food table made of 40 mesh polyethylene mesh cloth. The table is affixed to the bottom of the cage and the four-wall suture. The upper mouth is 30 cm above the bottom of the box. The feed is placed in the hopper and sent to a food table at the bottom of the cage by a plastic tube with a length of 1.9 meters and a diameter of 12 centimeters. The lower layer of the feed is wrapped with a single layer of mesh material of the same mesh size as the inner layer of clothing. Leaving the bottom of the tank 5 to 10 cm will not only help prevent feed loss but also prevent tilapia from entering the feed pipe. Small cages that feed buoyant feed may not have a bottom food table, but they must have a floating food table on the water surface. The floating food table is made of reinforcing steel, mesh and other materials to make a floating box with a length of 80 cm or a circular table with a diameter of 1 meter, and is fixed in the center of the cage. Its height is 50 centimeters. The upper mouth is affixed to the cover net of the cage, and the lower mouth is immersed in water 30 centimeters. The feed is placed in the food table to prevent the floating feed from floating out of the box.

Second, the selection of breeding environment and the arrangement of cages

All reservoirs without pollution, fresh water, transparency greater than 1 meter and dissolved oxygen greater than 5 mg/liter can be cultured. The cage should be placed in a place with small wind waves, good water exchange, water flow less than 0.2 m/s, good ventilation, and convenient transportation. It is better to avoid the main channel of large reservoirs. The cages are bundled into two rows of polyethylene thick ropes or wire ropes. The two ends of the ropes and cables are fixed on large trees or cement piles on the bank of the bank, and can also be anchored and fixed on the water surface. The small cages are arranged in a single row, the distance between the boxes should be greater than 4 meters, and the distance between the box rows should be greater than 50 meters. The large cage is a group of three cages and is fixed to two ropes in the shape of “goods”. Several sets of cages are arranged in rows. The distance between the group and the group is greater than 30 meters, and the distance between rows and rows is greater than 80 meters.

Third, fish species stocking

The fish stocking time is generally from the end of April to the end of May after the tilapia winter fish species are out of the pool. The water temperature is stable at more than 20°C and the cages are set for 15 days. Before fish stocks are stocked, the cages must be re-examined for damage and the installation is secure. Stocking stocks require regular specifications, robustness, and no disease or injury. Fish species should be weighed before stocking, and fish should be soaked with 3% to 5% salt water for 5-10 minutes. After disinfection, they should be carefully placed into cages to prevent fish injuries and diseases such as watery mildew. In the 4m2 small cage, 500-1000 species of tail fish weighing more than 20g are stocked, and 3000-4000 species of tail fish weighing more than 20g are stocked in 25X2 cages, depending on the specification of the fish for the fish, breeding environment conditions and breeding. The management level is flexible.

Fourth, feeding

About 50 grams of fingerlings are reared, full-size feeds with a grain size of 2-3 mm and a crude protein content of 30%-32% are used. After the fish grow to 100 grams, they can be fed with a grain size of 3-7. Millimeters, crude protein content of 28% to 30% of the full-priced feed, stop feeding moldy and contaminated feed.

The large cages were hand-fed and placed in the center of three cages, which in turn thrown feed into the three cages. The feed is scattered in the center of the cage to allow the fish to feed on the ground. Each time they sprinkle dozens of feed, wait until the fish has finished eating and then feed the second feed. Be sure to allow the fish to immediately grab the feed on the upper surface of the fish and prevent the flow of feed into the water. Water. The feeding of the floating feed of the small cage can feed the feed once in the floating feed frame, the sink feed is fed in the funnel of the feed pipe, and the feed pipe feeds the feed to the bottom of the food table.

From late April to mid-May, the water temperature is 18-23°C, and the bait rate is controlled between 2% and 3%. It is fed once at 9 a.m. and 2 p.m. From late May to the end of September, the water temperature is 23 to 31°C, which is the peak season for tilapia, and the daily feed rate is controlled at 3% to 7%. From 6am to 6pm, it is fed 3 to 5 times. . From October to the end of November, as the water temperature dropped to 25-15 °C, the daily feed rate was controlled at 3%-11%, and was fed 1-2 times. The specific amount of feeding also depends on the weather and the fish's food and eating conditions.

V. Daily management

To do a check box, check whether the nets are damaged, do a good job of preventing escape, preventing the enemy from harming the creatures and preventing work. The second is to diligently organize the boxes. The nets should be cleaned once a month to remove floating objects and dead fish. The position of the cages should be adjusted in time according to changes in the water level to ensure a good environment for cage culture. Third, we must carefully observe the records, carefully observe and record the activities of fish, feeding growth and weather, water temperature and water quality, and timely adjustment of production measures. Fourth, we must guard against disease. Within one week after entering the tank, the fish should be bagged with bleaching powder, and then hang bags once a month. At the same time, we must do a good job of cleaning and disinfecting the utensils and the food table. Once fish disease occurs, routine treatment can be used to promptly treat it.

Sixth, harvest

Tilapia is cultured in cages from May to July and reaches commercial specifications of 0.5-1.6 kg. A 4-meter-two small cage can produce 500 kilograms of commercial fish and 25 meters of 2 large cages can produce 2,000 kilograms of commercial fish. Each labor force can manage 150 small cages, or 12 small cages, and can produce 75 tons of tilapia and 24 tons of tilapia respectively. The per capita production value is 600,000 yuan and 200,000 yuan, and the breeding profit is 150,000 yuan respectively. And 50,000 yuan.

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