Vascular yellow croaker is also known as Jiang Huangqi, hard-angle Huangla Ding, Langsi Jiangya, and Zimazi. It is mainly distributed in the Yangtze River and its tributaries. It belongs to the genus Ovaliformes, Acipenseridae, and Smilax, and is the largest species in the genus. The fish is delicate, delicious, nutritious, and less intermuscular. It is favored by farmers and consumers. In order to meet the urgent needs of the majority of farmers on V. vachneii seedlings, we began trials in mid-May. We have produced 3 batches of a total of 46 groups of broodstock and received a total of more than 186,000 larvae. We report the test results as follows.
1 Materials and Methods
1.1 Broodstock Collection and Cultivation
1.1.1 Collection of broodstock In November 1998, a batch of yellow sturgeon parents from the Yangtze River were purchased and transported in canvas bags. The weight of females is generally between 250 and 360g, and males are all above 500g. This batch of purchase of pro-body quality, disease-free and injury-free, transport survival rate of 100%, the pro-fish into the pool, with 3% saline immersion disinfection 5 ~ 10min.
1.1.2 Broodstock Breeding The broodstock breeding pond is a 1300m2 pond. The walls of the pool are made of cement. The bottom of the pond is muddy and flat. The depth of water is about 1.5m. The inlet and outlet are provided with a fish net cover. The pro-fish were disinfected with quicklime (75kg/667m2) 2 weeks before entering the pool. After broodstock rearing, send special personnel to manage and feed pelleted feeds with a protein content of more than 35%. In order to promote gonad development and early maturation, broiler baits should be fed once every 3 to 5 days. For example: animal internal organs and wild animals. The fish, etc., were cut into small pieces and were ground into a fish slurry with a meat grinder, and the amount of feeding was increased or decreased with the change of the water temperature. Feeding twice a day, from 09:30 to 10:30 in the morning; 15:30 to 16:30 in the afternoon, feeding a daily dose of 3% to 7% of the broiler's body weight, and the pro-fish ponds often maintain micro-flowing water every 5 to 7 days. Water exchange 1 owes to keep dissolved oxygen in water at 5mg/L or more.
2 Induction and hatching
2.l production
On May 20, 2000, we began oxytocin breeding of Vallisneria maritimus, and a total of 3 batches of 46 groups of broodstock were produced. The mature broodstock is selected and placed in a cage set up in a cement pool. The female and male fish are divided into open-breeds, and the water inlet valve is opened to stimulate microfluidic water. Artificial reproduction uses hormone aphrodisiac to spawn naturally. In the experiment, salmonid pituitary (PG), human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG), domoxone (DOM), fish ovulating hormone (LRH?A) and other drugs were used alone and mixed with four drugs. Dosage increases or decreases as the water temperature and broodstock maturity increase. Injection site for the pectoral fin and dorsal fin base, divided into 2 injections, the first needle for the total 1/5 to 1/4, the second needle injection margin, the male fish dose is 0.7 times the female, the needle distance 10 ~ 15h . After the second injection, the broodstock was placed into the spawning tank at a male-male ratio of 1:1 or 1:1.5, respectively. The spawning pond is a small cement pond (6m2) with inlet and outlet pipes. Two 60-mesh nets with the same size as the ground were laid on the bottom of the spawning tank. The bamboo nets were placed around the nets. The bamboo baskets were pressed with bricks to ensure no gaps between the nets and the bottom of the pool. Then the nets were laid on the nets. - Layers of brown tablets sandwiched with bamboo, until their broodstock spawn.
2.2 Incubation of broodstock After 20 to 26 hours (ie, effect time) after the injection of the second needle, several times of continuous, intermittent spawning, eggs are concentrated on the brown sheet and mesh cloth near the side of the drainage tube, and the spawning pond wall is also scattered. The eggs and the mesh on the other side of the mesh are less. When the eggs are laid, the water in the spawning pool is discharged by 4/5. Carefully transfer the fertilized eggs on the brown sheet and mesh cloth into the hatchery and hatch. The brown sheets and net cloth are suspended in water, and the amount of flowing water is appropriately increased, and aeration is performed with a small oxygen pump, the dissolved oxygen is maintained at 5 mg/L or more, and the incubation water temperature is between 24° C. and 26° C.
3 results
3.1 Broiler breeding and gonadal development Broilers began to ingest large amounts of bait at temperatures above 15°C. After 18 months of incubation, we observed the broodstock on May 10, 2000, and found that most of the female broilers had relatively soft and enlarged abdomen. , And the appearance of the ovary, the sink hole, slightly red, with the egg to the ophthalmoscope to observe the eye: the egg was round, orange, egg viscosity, fuller egg, large and small, more uniform, most of the egg Isolated, egg diameter is about 1.67mm. Males are large, robust, and slightly reddish at the end of the genital mastoid, making it difficult to extrude semen.
3.2 Oxygen production and fertility rate Oxygen production test A total of 3 groups of 46 groups of broodstock, the water temperature between 24 ~ 28 °C, about 20h after the injection of the second needle, broodstock began to continue, intermittent land eggs, eggs are generally concentrated in the side of the drainage pipe On brown sheets and meshes, there are also few distributions on the pool walls, bricks, and bamboo rafts. From the first batch of oxytocin effect, it is obviously inferior to the twirling effect of the 2nd and 3rd batches. The urgency yield is 50%, and the fertilization rate is only 40%. In the second and third batch of oxytocin, the oxytocin drugs were adjusted appropriately. As a result, the two batches of infusion rates reached 85% and 90%, respectively; the fertilization rate was 81% and 85% (see Table 1).
3.3 Hatching rate and number of seedlings During incubation, the water temperature is generally between 24 and 28°C. The fertilized eggs begin to release after about 58 hours, and the seedlings end after about 6 hours. The first batch of hatching results are poor and there are few seedlings, about 8,000. Tail; The hatching rate of the 2nd and 3rd batches was relatively high, between 80% and 90%, and about 178,000 tails were hatched.
4 Summary and discussion
4.l Breeding season of Wattlewort yellowfish The natural breeding season of the fish is from May to July. After artificial incubation, the gonads develop rapidly and most broodstocks mature. In early May, the grazing nets were checked for broodstock maturation. The ovaries of the abdomen of the females were relatively clear and flexible. The eggs were observed with an egg digger. The eggs were large and small, uniform and plump, and most of them were separated. Due to the importance of fostering and management of broodstock, on May 20th it was checked that broodstock had matured, plus the appropriate temperature of the water, which was generally between 24 and 28°C. This is the ideal incubation season for the fish. When the water temperature exceeds 30°C, embryonic development ceases and the eggs start to suffocate and die. Therefore, the artificial breeding season of Wattlewort yellow sturgeon is suitable from May to June.
4.2 Induction of oxytocin production and natural spawning We have tested artificial oxytocin production before the natural spawning of S. vachellii. The effect is not satisfactory. Anatomy found that the testis was rooted and difficult to extrude semen. The method of killing males is also not desirable. In addition, the value of broodstock itself is high and it is difficult to purchase, artificial breeding and ecological environment requirements are high. Therefore, artificial insemination methods should not be used. Take hormone aphrodisiac, natural spawning, the effect is ideal. We conducted a total of 3 batches of oxytocin to make it naturally fertilized. In addition to the first batch was not ideal, the second and third batch of spawning rate reached more than 85% and the fertilization rate reached over 80%, and the broodstock survival rate was 98%. The mortality of broodstock after artificial oxytocin production is relatively high, generally around 40%.
4.3 Female and male ratios and injection methods When natural fertilization of Vallisnichthys molitrix is ​​performed, the ratio of male to female is at most 1:1. When the male parent is more than the female, the effect is better.
Injection site for the pectoral fin base or back muscles, two needles injection, needle distance of 10 ~ 15h, injection, the depth of the needle should be appropriate, generally about 3mm, pectoral fin injection direction and the parent fish body axis or dorsal fin base 45 degrees, do not pay attention Tie up the heart and the hard bones of the rays.
4.4 Oxygen production drugs Carp pituitary gland (PG), diketone (DOM), chorionic gonadotropin (HCG) for fish, and LRH?A for fish alone can induce broodstock spawning. , But the effect is not very good, after improving the deficiencies in the test, with the above four kinds of drugs mixed use, the dose adjusted with the water temperature, maturity, the oxytocin effect is excellent.
4.5 Spawning and Incubation From several tests, it was found that spawning pond walls disperse a large number of eggs, and eggs are concentrated on brown sheets and mesh cloth near the side of the drainage pipes. Therefore, the mesh should extend to the wall so that the broodstock eggs do not stick to the wall as much as possible during the egg laying process. The fertilized eggs are garden-shaped, orange-yellow, egg-bound, eggs are soft, and the egg membranes are smooth and transparent.
During the hatching process, the fertilized eggs should be suspended from the fish nest, and the water inlet valve should be unscrewed so that the flow of water can be continued and the air can be continuously inflated with the oxygen increasing pump to keep the dissolved oxygen above 5 mg/L. In the hatching, special attention should be paid to the water quality. The inlet valve is preferably filtered with 60 to 80 mesh cloth, and is sterilized once a day with 0.25 mg/L malachite green to avoid the occurrence of water mold during hatching of the fertilized eggs. It is conducive to the improvement of hatching rate.

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    About Company
    Yanchi County Yijian Biotechnol Co.,Ltd
    was founded in Dec 2012 , 
    by Mr. Dezhi Zhang , 
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