Flammulina velutipes is one of the major edible fungi cultivated in China, and it is very popular in the international market. Its fruiting period should mainly manage the following aspects: I. Cooling and Prodding When the hyphae overgrow the bag and reach a physiological maturity, the temperature should be reduced to about 15°C so that the mycelium of the mushroom can be transferred into reproductive growth as soon as possible under low temperature stimulation. When the material surface appears pale yellow droplets, it indicates that the mushroom will soon be coming. At this time, all the bacteria bags should be moved out of the mushroom house, and they should be placed on the bed frame neatly or directly discharged on the ground for mushroom management. Routine mushroom management is to open the bag mouth when the mushroom is about to form, and then cover the newspaper or film in the bag mouth to moisturize and control oxygen. After a period of management, the mushroom buds are formed directly from the material surface and develop into fruit bodies. According to experience, after the formation of mushroom buds, the bag mouth is not opened temporarily, and cultivation is continued for another 5-10 days. Then, certain measures are taken to limit the growth of mushroom buds, ie, “inhibiting bud cultivationâ€. This method has neat mushrooms, high yield and good quality. Second, timely inhibition When the surface of the bag surface buds, after cultivating for another 5-10 days, a needle-like cluster of dense mushroom buds can be formed. At this time, the bag mouth should be opened and straightened, and the bag mouth should be turned outwards 2-3 Subsequent to the material surface, and then through the convective dry wind blowing horizontally, so that the longer needle tip mushroom bud loss of wilting lodging. On the third day after the general lodging, it can be clearly seen that the dense mushroom buds grow again from the base of the mushroom stalk and have the same length. If no new mushroom buds appear after 3-4 days, and the hand touches the wilted mushroom buds with a tingling sensation, lightly spray the water once and cover the plastic film to moisturize. The entire budding process is 3-8 days. Third, timely pull bag After the bud is over, when the newly formed mushroom bud grows to 4-5 cm in height, the bag opening can be straightened. Be careful not to pull the bag too early, otherwise it is easy to cause the mushroom bulbs in the middle of the bag to lack of oxygen and can not fully develop, leading to a decline in yield. The purpose of pulling up the bag is to increase the carbon dioxide concentration in the bag and the relative humidity of the air. According to the ventilation condition of the cultivation room and the size of the cultivation scale, the time for straightening the bag mouth can be completed once or twice. IV. Comprehensive management of fruiting body growth period After the bud is over, as time passes, the fruiting body gradually enters a period of rapid growth. At this time, comprehensive management of temperature, humidity, oxygen, light, etc. should be strengthened in order to cultivate high-yield, high-quality edible mushrooms. In terms of temperature management, measures should be taken to control the growth temperature of the fruiting bodies in the range of 12-18°C, and below 12°C, the fruiting bodies grow slowly, but the quality is better, and the fruiting bodies below 3°C are difficult to form or stop development. At temperatures above 18°C, especially above 20°C, fruiting bodies grow faster, but they are of poor quality. Humidity management is mainly to control the relative humidity in the room from 80% to 90%. If the humidity is higher than 92%, it will cause the mushroom cover to be water-stained, and even induce soft rot and brown spot disease. During the specific operation, water can be sprayed to the ground and space at the beginning of the mushrooming period. Afterwards, appropriate amount of mist-like water can be sprayed to the mushroom body according to the situation. Flammulina is a kind of aerobic fungus and cannot ignore the air circulation of the mushroom house. In addition, weak light management is required for light. In addition, the mushroom has a strong light, the culture bag should not be generally moved after being placed, and the working light source should be fixed as much as possible, otherwise the mushroom handle will be distorted. In short, the management of the growth phase of E. zizyphus fruiting body is the comprehensive management of temperature, humidity, gas, light and other factors, to meet the requirements of the growth and development of fruiting bodies on environmental conditions, so as to cultivate high-yield, high-quality mushroom.
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