High Quality Peach Cultivation - Management Technology

one. Seedling cultivation techniques;

New orchards will be selected for new orchards. In order to improve the quality of newly built orchards, strict soil preparation, adequate base fertilizer, and definite value pits at required density before planting, the specifications are 0.8mx 0.6m deep and 0.6m deep, and the subsoil is separated from the topsoil. Base fertilizer/mu fertilization (organic fertilizer) 1500kg-2000kg, according to the local soil can be applied with organic fertilizer with fine sandy soil, (a small amount of 0.1kg potassium fertilizer 0.2kg compound fertilizer 0.2kg) can be mixed with the topsoil backfill to the ground 15cm, compaction, full use of land resources, spacing 3m x 4m, or 2X3M, 3-4 days before planting irrigation, before planting in a solution with 700 times thiophanate methyl or 500 times carbendazim soaked overnight To fully absorb water and disinfect seedlings. After soaking, the roots of the seedlings were placed in a slurry with rooting powder and soaked in a slurry. The plants were planted in a timely manner. Watering was performed immediately after planting, and the soil was covered with a plastic film to cover the leaves. The water was drained in time to prevent the yellowing of the seedlings and the loss of the manure. Peach trees are poor in self-pollination and must be used with pollen trees of other varieties. Two or more varieties of some varieties can be cross-pollinated to increase the rate of results.

two. prune

Crossing branches, overlapping branches, branches and branches, and thin and weak branches within the canopy are given away. The method of short shoots is often used. Generally, the long fruiting shoots with medium growth are appropriately short-cut, and the results are obtained. The new shoots near the stems are selected for heavy short cuts to make new fruit shoots. At the same time, the branches were retracted, promoting the strong growth of the lower single bud. Plasticity: According to the characteristics of peach joy, generally take the natural happy shape. The dry height is generally 30-40 cm. After the peach seedlings are planted, they are cut at full shoots 50-60 cm from the ground before they sprout in the spring. Cut about 20 centimeters into plastic bands. After germination, the buds below the plastic band are all wiped off, and the three main branches are balanced on the trunk. The angle between the three main branches is 120, the opening angle of each main branch is 45-50, and the main branch is further configured with lateral branches. And the result stick group. Collateral spacing of about 50-60 cm, each main branch can choose to leave 2-3 lateral branches pruning can be divided into winter pruning and summer pruning; winter pruning in the dormant period after the peach defoliation, there are short cuts (cut the branches short ), retraction (short cuts for perennial branches or branches), thinning (removal of shoots from the base). Summer pruning is the auxiliary pruning performed after the budding in spring and before the fall of autumn leaves. There are buds (to remove long branches), topping (to remove the young part at the top of new shoots), and to pull branches (to open branches). Pruning is a very important task for peach management. Pruning at different stages of development has different requirements. The pruning task is mainly to expand the canopy as soon as possible, complete the plastic work, have plans to cultivate all kinds of branches, ease the tree potential, and promote early As a result, early yields. Pruning results, the crown gradually opened during this period, the tree potential eased, pruning should pay attention to improving the lighting conditions inside the crown, the amount of pruning should increase year after year with the increase in the amount of results, it is necessary to retract in a timely manner to prevent the result position up.

three. Sort the tree tray

Timely prevention. In combination with cultivating and weeding, the tree plates are organized into the form of outer low and inner heights to prevent the accumulation of water and rot in the tree trays. For low orchard orchards, wells are dug and drained in time.

four. Frozen water

After applying fertilizer, irrigate the frozen water. According to soil moisture, the amount of water should be enough to wet the dry soil layer. Pouring frozen water should not be too late, not later than mid-November.

Fives. Pest Control

(1) Peach brown rot: The main damage to the fruit, the initial appearance of brown round lesions on the fruit surface, and then expand and the whole fruit, the pulp brown soft rot. Control methods: To clear the source of overwintering bacteria, control of weevil, peach aphid and other disseminators, spraying the United States spray 4 ~ 5 degrees lime sulfur agent can also be used on behalf of Sen zinc, thiophanate and other antibacterial drugs. (2) Peach Anthracnose: The main damage to the fruit, the occurrence of wet and heavy rain, May is the peak period of onset, young fruit after the damage becomes a peach. After swelling, the fruit expands into round, reddish-brown and pitted lesions from water-stained lesions. Control methods: clear overwintering source, early spring spray 4 to 5 degrees lime sulfur and thiophanate, carbendazim bacillus special antibacterial drugs. (3) Peach leaf thinning disease: The overwintering bacteria spread in the peach sprouts, invaded after crumpling and distorting into the deformed leaves, and the diseased leaves became fat and gradually turned reddish-brown. The prevention and control methods were basically the same as the above two diseases. (4) Bacterial perforation of peaches: Overwintering pathogens are transmitted by wind and rain and insects from April to May. The leaves begin to have small water-stained spots, and the latter lesions expand into reddish-brown spots, causing perforation and defoliation after the spots dry. Afterwards it will harm the fruit. The prevention and treatment methods are basically the same as the above three diseases. (5) Bacterial root cancer: apples, peaches, plums, plums, cherries, grapes, and other fruits are susceptible. The disease source survives in the soil and spreads along with water, soil and insects, and is invaded by wounds. Seedlings are hindered from development after their development, and they grow slowly and their lifespan is shortened. Control methods: choose a disease-free nursery to prevent double plague, remove root nodules, apply tuft of lime, and Bordeaux mixture to protect wounds. (6) Peach rot disease, also known as fluid injection disease: Overwintering of bacteria through the wind, insects and other dissemination of coal, popular in April to May, from the grain of plastic flow to the tree rod flow glue, until the death of the tree, prevention and treatment Methods available antibacterial drugs, alkaline water, gentian violet, 402,843 rehabilitation agent, potassium permanganate and so on. (7) Myzus persicae: The second generation occurs every year in the north, and the eggs are overwintering in the bark. The larvae enter the fruit heart from the fruit stems, causing brown rot and affecting fruit quality. Control methods: elimination of overwintering eggs, spray spawning of fenitrothion 1000 times or 1200 times or dichlorvos, 40000x kill Ju fat. Late-maturing peach bags can prevent pests and can significantly improve quality. 7. peach weevil, peach aphid, peach pear snack foods, peach Hawthorn red spider spider, can use the above pesticides.

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