Goji, Goji Berry, or wolfberry is the fruit of either the Lycium barbarum or Lycium chinense, Lycium is a genus name and pronounced similarly to the word "Lycos", which means wolf in Greek. Goji is pronounced similarly to its Chinese pinyin "gÇ’uqÇ". With the increase of its exports, the name "goji" is becoming more and more popular.
Goji berry ( [Goji" means [happy") has been used for thousands of years by herbalists in China to protect the liver, help eyesight, boost immune function, improve circulation, and promote longevity and overall well being. It has only recently gained popularity in the west, it has become so polar, in fact, the Time Magazine recently named the Goji berry as [super-fruit" of the year. A big reason why Goji berries have quickly become a favorite nutritional supplement is that its impressive list of ingredients. The Goji berry, also called the wolfberry, is a bright purplish red or purple red berry that comes from a shrub that is native to China. In Asia, goji berries have been eaten for generation in the hope of living longer.
Goji Berry Goji Berry,Black Goji Berry,Red Goji Berry,Standard Goji Berry ZHONGNING JIDING BIO SCIENCE DEVELOPMRNT CO., LTD. , http://www.jidinggouqi.com
Ginseng is the dry root of Panax ginseng camey. The growers used to refer to the garden ginseng and the wild ones used to refer to the ginseng. With uplift vitality, Fumai solid off, Spleen Yifei, Sheng Jin Anshen and other functions. Leaves, flowers and fruits are also used for medicinal purposes. It is mainly produced in the three provinces in Northeast China. Currently, it has introduced and cultivated in nearly 15 provinces and cities. (A) Morphological characteristics perennial herb, plant height of about 60 cm. Straight root hypertrophy, many branches, fleshy; Roots short and erect, a year of proliferation, commonly known as "Lutou", the top of the winter buds, lateral adventitious roots, stout main, fleshy, cylindrical, multi oblique, lower branches The skin is light yellow; the fibrous roots are long, and most of the pods are long. Stems erect, single, unbranched. Palmate compound leaves, whorled stem ends, with long stalks; annual one with three compound leaves, one biennial with five compound leaves, three with two out of compound leaves, and thereafter with one leaf per year, up to 6 Tablet complex leaves. The small leaflets are smaller on both sides, larger in the middle, elliptical, oblong, apex acuminate, base cuneate decurrent, margin serrate, green or yellow-green above, sparsely setose on vein, smooth below. Umbrella terminal; flowers small, numerous; calyx 5-lobed; petals yellowish green; stamens 5; pistil 1, ovary inferior, 2-loculed, style upper 2-lobed; stone fruit berry-like, flat kidney-shaped, ripe red, A few are yellow or orange. Containing 2 seeds, seed kidney-shaped, yellow-white or gray-white, wrinkles with different shades, hard quality. Flowering from May to June, fruiting period from July to August. (II) Growing habits Ginseng is a negative plant, likes a cool and mild climate, is hardy, afraid of strong light, avoids high temperature and hot rain, and is afraid of dry hot wind. The suitable temperature for ginseng growth is 20-28°C. When the ground temperature is 5°C, the spores begin to grow. Germination, sprouting around 10°C. Ginseng seeds have dormancy characteristics, under the conditions of humidity of 10%-25%, they need to undergo a natural process from high temperature to low temperature to complete the physiological after-ripening, usually by high temperature about 20 °C, l months later, into the low temperature 3- 5 °C 2 months to break the dormancy. The suitable germination temperature is 12-15°C, and the germination rate is about 80%. The seed life is 2-3 years. (III) Cultivation Techniques 1. The selection of soil and soil preparation ginseng has strict requirements on the soil, with ph4.5-5.8, rich in humus, and easy drainage and irrigation on sandy soil or soil. General use of forest land parameters. If you use farmland to plant ginseng, it is better to use ramie crops before harvesting, and you must cultivate for a year after harvesting. After the land is selected, it is ploughed l-2 times and 20 cm deep before being frozen. In late spring, combined with ploughing, 4,000 kg of farmyard manure is applied per acre, mix well with soil, and plowed once every 1-2 months. About 1 month before planting, the soil blocks were smashed, debris was removed, soil preparation was done, and the surface width was l-l.5 meters, slightly arched, 25-30 centimeters high and 50-100 meters wide cm. Only in the light of topography, glass orientation, shed style, etc., should be based on the principles of reasonable lighting, high land utilization, favorable drought prevention and drainage, and ease of field operations. In the flatland, the ginseng trees are often used in the south direction; the mountains are planted in the mountains, and Yokoyama and Shunsan can be taken along the slope of the mountain to form a certain angle. 2. Breeding methods use seed propagation, seedling transplanting. (1) Seedlings From July to August, fresh seeds can be sown after the seeds are harvested. After the seeds are ripened in the soil, they can emerge in the spring of the second year. Or the seeds are buried by sand. The method is to choose Yangyanggaozao, digging 15-20 centimeters deep pit, depending on the length and width of the seeds, the bottom of the pit covered with a layer of small stones, which is covered with a layer of sieved sand. The fresh seeds will be peeled and peeled, or the seeds will be soaked in clean water for 2 hours and then removed, mixed with equal volume of wet fine sand, put in the pit, covered with fine sand 5-6 cm, and then covered with a layer of soil It is covered with a layer of weeds to keep it moist and rainy, preventing rain from flowing into the bad species. Check once every half-turn, if water is not enough, spray water properly; if the humidity is too high, filter out the seeds and dry the sand. After the natural temperature change, the seed can complete the embryo ripening process, and winter sowing can be carried out at the time of the middle and mid-November cracks in November. It can also be sowed in spring. The time is before the seeds are yet to sprout before and after the vernal equinox. The method of sowing is to spread stalks of 5 centimeters and 3 centimeters of planting spacing on the entire surface of the crop, cover the soil 2 centimeters, and cover 3-5 centimeters thick straw to facilitate moisturizing. Treatment of ginseng seeds that have been cracked by sand traps, such as soaking seeds with 0.1 ml/l 1 abt rooting powder solution, can significantly increase ginseng root weight. (2) Transplanting Seedlings 2-3 years after transplanting, generally from the end of October to the middle of November. Such as spring planting should be carried out when the seedlings have not yet sprouted. When transplanting, roots were selected to be milky white, no disease, pests, spores, spores, roots and strong roots were transplanted in large, medium, and small groups. Before planting, it can be properly shaped to remove excess fibrous roots, and be careful not to tear the root bark and use a 100-200 times solution of dexamethasone or a 1:1:140 solution of Bordeaux to soak the roots for 10 minutes. Be careful not to impregnate the spores. When transplanting, they were planted in a horizontal direction with a spacing of 25-30 cm and a spacing of 8-13 cm. Flat planting or oblique planting. The roots of the flat planting roots are parallel to the sulfhydryl group; Oblique planting of roots with deeper soil cover is beneficial to drought prevention. After opening the ditch, place the roots of the ginseng and use the soil to press the ginseng roots to cover all the linings, and then level the rakes. The depth of earth cover depends on the size of the seedlings, usually 4-6 cm, and the straw is covered with straw to facilitate the protection of the earthworms. 3. Field Management (1) Winter Management In late October to early 11th, when the ginseng stems and leaves that have been growing for more than one year withered, the dead leaves should be cleared, buried, or burned in time. Frozen front view of the simmering surface, burned overwintering water, and covered with straw stalks. (2) Shelter shading should be promptly erected after the shacks have been exhumed. The sheds are divided into two types: low sheds and high sheds. The height of the column is 90-120 centimeters in height and 70-90 centimeters in height. The wood column and cement column can be used to separate the two sides. On the column, the cross bar is fixed and the bamboo bar is used for the bar, and the tensioned iron wire can also be used. Above the curtain covering 1.8-1.2 meters wide, so that rain can not fall directly on the surface. Cover the second curtain before the rainy season. Participate in sheds to be level and prevent unevenness. The tall shed covers the entire site. The height of the shed is 1.8-1.2 meters. The cement pole is used as a pillar, and bamboo scaffolds are used to form a criss-cross scaffold. The glazing is covered with a curtain and the light transmittance is 25% to 30%. (3) Before the emergence of ginseng, or when soil consolidation, excessive soil moisture, or large weeds are required, weeding ripping should be promptly carried out in order to keep the soil loose and reduce weed damage, but it should be shallow and loose. Not too much. (4) Sprinkling or infiltrating irrigation in a timely manner in case of drought after sowing or transplanting. If there is too much rainwater, ditches should be dug and drained. (5) Dressing or transplanting topdressing usually does not need topdressing in the year. Before spring seedlings are excavated in the second year, the stalks covering the sorghum will be removed, a layer of rotted farmyard manure will be applied, and a small amount of superphosphate will be applied, through loose soil and mixed with soil. Evenly, the soil is watered when the soil is dry. During the growing season, fertilizers can be applied to the roots from 6 to 8 months with 2% calcium superphosphate solution or 1% potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution. (6) Earthing and cultivating buds should be done in time when the soil is loose or when the roots are loosened. For the ginseng plant near the front or the reference site, due to the phototaxis, stems and leaves grow outwards, and in the summer, high temperature and rainy conditions can cause various diseases such as spot disease and diseases. Therefore, the outgrowth stalks should be pushed into the sap, And soil compaction, so that it grows. After ginseng grows for 3 years, it can flower and seed every year. For the land that is not planted, the buds should be removed timely. 4. Diseases and Insect Pest Control More ginseng pests and diseases are known, there are more than 40 kinds of diseases known, serious harm, comprehensive prevention and treatment should be paid attention to. (l) Rhizoctonia began in May and severely damaged seedlings from June to July. Control methods: Appropriate increase in light, loose soil; found diseased plants in time to remove, and sprayed or watered with 50% carbendazim 500 times. (2) The epidemic began in June and harmed the whole plant. Control methods: reduce the humidity in the field; spraying 1:1: 120 times Bordeaux mixture at the beginning of the disease, or spray with 400 times liquid of aluminum, phosphorus and aluminum. (3) Rust rot occurs in May and mainly affects the roots. Control methods: reduce wounds when transplanting, and dip the roots with the agent; reduce the humidity in the field; 50% carbendazim 500 times can be used to irrigate the ward. (4) Black spot disease originates from early May to early June and damages the whole plant. Control methods: Select disease-free seeds for seed disinfection, use 200 international units of multi-resistant antibiotics, soak out after 24 hours soaking, or seed dressing at 0.2%-0.5% of seed weight; remove diseased plants; use early stage multi-resistance 100-200 international units sprayed into the rainy season to switch to 1:1:100 180 times more Bordeaux mixture or 500 times liquid of the enemy, or 800-1000 times more than Zesen alternate spraying. Insect pests mainly include cockroaches, cockroaches, wireworms, and ground tigers, which mainly damage the roots. Control methods can use poison bait trapping and artificial killing. (4) Harvesting and processing of ginseng After 5-6 years of transplanting, that is, transplanting for 3-4 years, it can be harvested when stems and leaves are withered from September to October. When harvesting, first remove the shed, start from the end of the rake, and dig out the ginseng root one by one with two-tooth rakes, shake off dirt, go to net stems and leaves, and divide by size. Wash the ginseng root, cut fibrous roots and lateral roots, and dry or dry them. Choose a good body shape, pulpy feet, intact Ginseng root rinse in clean water, scrape off the dirt on the scar, remove the fibrous roots and adventitious roots, steam for 3-4 hours after boiling water, remove and dry at 60 °C Drying in the drying room means red ginseng. (5) Seed-retaining techniques Ginseng usually begins its flowering results in three years, but the seeds are small and the number is small. Generally, the plants are harvested once in five years; if the seeds are not enough, four or five-year-old plants can also harvest two seeds in succession. Seed-collecting time is generally from late July to early August, when the fruit is fully reddish and bright red. With picking and washing, remove flesh and lean granules, and rinse with clean water until the seeds are slightly dry. When the surface is dry, they can be sown or germinated. If dried seeds are needed, the seeds should be dried to a moisture content of 15% or less. Be careful not to dry them. Dried seeds are stored in dry, cool and well-ventilated areas.