Talking about the Application of Color Sorter in Finished Rice Processing

[Abstract] The attention points of the rice factory in the purchase, installation, management and operation of the color sorting machine in the rice processing are discussed, so that the color sorting machine can exert the best economic benefit.

[Key words] color sorter, polished rice application
The color sorting machine is a high-tech product integrating light, machine, electricity and gas. It adopts a new digital technology design and advanced industrial computer management to realize the digitization of the system. Most of the color sorting machines produced nowadays are adopted. Double-sided color selection, secondary check function, high-resolution plasma screen display, can achieve a variety of ideal color selection accuracy adjustment.

The application of the color sorter in the processing of polished rice should exert its best technical specifications, obtain the best technological effect, and obtain the ideal economic return. It should be the purchase of equipment, the design of the process, and the equipment. Research and discussion on management and other aspects.

1 Equipment purchase
1.1 The amount of processing. Yield is the first consideration when choosing a color sorter. The output of the general color sorter is related to the quality of the raw grain (the type and size of the different colored grains), the number of channels, the quality standard of the finished product, the performance of the equipment (the advanced level of technical indicators), and the like.

For the front and back of the production process, the color sorter is generally marked with a production range, that is, a maximum flow rate and a minimum flow rate. At present, the grain market is liberalized, and the quality of raw grain is uneven. In order to meet the needs of different raw grain grade processing, it is better to choose a side close to the rated flow. Since the quality standard of the finished product has been determined, the flow must be adjusted according to the quality of the original grain to meet the requirements.

1.2 Technical indicators. Technical indicators determine the level of advancement of equipment and the rate of economic return.

Color selection accuracy (the ratio of the weight of the selected material containing the heterochromatic particles after the color selection, the weight of the genuine material to the material before the selection, expressed as a percentage), the color selection and rejection ratio (the material is rejected after color selection) The ratio of the weight of the different color particles of the material to the weight of the genuine material), the two important indicators are generally measured under the condition of different color particles of 2%, measured under the flow rate, and the type and color of the heterochromatic particles. Density related.

The heterochromatic grains in white rice are mainly yellow rice, rice, sand, mildew, heterogeneous grain, and immature grains. For those materials with lighter or partially different colors, the old-fashioned or poor quality color sorter is not sensitive enough, and the new generation of color sorter has achieved the desired result through technical upgrades.

1.3 Equipment failure rate. The failure rate of a device is an important indicator to measure the quality of a device. The high index indicates that the performance and quality are unstable, and the technology is not relevant. It will affect the normal production that will be put into use in the future and should be taken seriously.

1.4 After-sales service. After-sales service is an important aspect of purchasing color sorting machines. Some manufacturers purchase pure imported equipment, encounter repairs are not timely, spare parts supply is not in place, the price is higher than domestic times, technical upgrades do not match, etc., seriously affecting normal production.

After-sales service is important to see the service commitment and fulfillment situation, the faults that non-meter workers can eliminate, the number of hours of color sorter manufacturers, the supply and price of spare parts, technology upgrades, training and so on.

1.5 Price. After comparing the output, technical indicators, performance, and after-sales service of the equipment, the price of the products and products should be paid attention to, and the maximum benefit should be obtained with the minimum investment. Especially for private enterprises in the early stage of development, the investment in color sorting machines is not a small amount, and it is necessary to demonstrate.

2 On-site management of equipment
Color sorting machines are high-tech equipment. Therefore, equipment operation and management personnel must have comrades with high school education or above and strong sense of responsibility. Strict business training must be carried out before taking up the post.

2.1 Full-time management of the site. The color sorting machine must be operated by a special person, and it must be relatively stable. The technical indicators and the economic responsibility system should be linked to clarify the equipment operation, maintenance, inspection, inspection, handover responsibility, clear work content and package equipment responsibility, and equipment. The time, location, method, and record of the operator's inspection must have specific requirements, such as the lubrication of the equipment, the condition monitoring of the equipment, and the specific recording requirements of the sanitary area, etc., and the completion and indicators of the equipment operation and management personnel. Quantitative assessment, such as equipment integrity rate, failure rate, etc.

2.2 On-site specification management. According to the State Council promulgating the "Regulations on Equipment Management of Industrial Transportation Enterprises", combined with the characteristics of equipment, establish and improve various rules and regulations, and systematically regulate the behavior of on-site management personnel. The operator is required to:

a, the equipment should be "four understand, three meetings, three good", that is, understand the principle, understand the structure, understand the purpose, understand the performance; will operate, will eliminate the fault, will maintain; good, good, repair.

b. On-site maintenance “three-times must be”, that is, diligent inspection, diligent cleaning, diligent maintenance, timely and truthful recording, and standard operation of “cleaning, lubrication, fastening, adjustment” equipment maintenance methods.

c. On-site inspections of “listening, touching, smelling, comparing, and watching” inspection methods. In the inspection, the wrenches should be tight, cloth rubbed, and stethoscope should be heard.

d. The equipment operation is “three inaccurate”, that is, no overpressure, no overspeed, no overload, and “five no leakage” means no leakage, no dust leakage, no air leakage, no oil leakage, no water leakage.

e. On-site “one flat, two clean, three see, three no, three no shortage”, that is, the site should be level, the windows and doors are clean, and the surrounding walls are clean; the ditch sees the bottom, the shaft sees the light, the equipment sees the true color; no garbage, no impurities Material waste, no idle equipment, door and window glass is not lacking, lighting equipment is not lacking, the trench cover is not lacking.

3 Process requirements and design
3.1 The color selection process should be designed with sufficient physical space to ensure that the pipe has sufficient inclination so that the material can flow freely by its own gravity. In order to facilitate operation, inspection, maintenance, and maintenance, the color sorter should have a channel of 0.8m or more, preferably 1.5m or more.

3.2 Equipped with a vacuum line. The color sorting machine is equipped with a dust-absorbing wind net to avoid the large amount of rice ash in the closed cavity, and the ash can be sucked away, which can make the rice more clean and reduce the temperature of the rice grain; it is more beneficial to improve the color selection effect and ensure the effect. The color sorter works normally to extend the life of the cylinder.

3.3 From the current quality of raw materials and the multi-grade quality requirements of finished rice. The process design must be able to be sorted once, and it can be sorted twice (re-sorting the sorted rejects). It is best to have secondary color selection (repeated selection); and polishing the graded rice at the same time. , can be all color selection, partial color selection, or no color selection. According to its sorting performance, the color sorting machine can be divided into heterochromatic particle sorting, powder plasmid sorting and glass sorting. Most of the color selection was used in the 1990s and before, because industrial grain and some citizens use grain. The requirements are getting higher and higher, reaching the standard of no yellow and no impurities. Sometimes it is difficult to meet the standard in one color selection. Therefore, some color selection enterprises increase the number of color sorting machines, so that the raw materials can be repeatedly selected as needed. Developed countries such as Japan, fine rice processing enterprises, mostly use repeated color selection, the first color selection of powder plasmid (heart white, glutinous rice, abdominal white, minerals, etc.), the second selection of colored particles (killed Granules, impurities, plaques, other heterochromatic particles, etc.) and glass. This can greatly improve the internal and appearance quality of the product and improve the grade of the product.

3.4 Environmental requirements
3.4.1 Strong light (lighting equipment, etc.) or sunlight cannot be directly on the color sorter, otherwise the ability of the photoelectric system to capture signals will be reduced, that is, it is difficult to distinguish information such as different color particles, thereby reducing the color selection accuracy and increasing the take-up ratio. , reducing the effect of color selection.

3.4.2 There is no strong electromagnetic interference around the color sorter, such as high frequency emission, electric welding, etc., otherwise it will affect the normal operation of the color sorter.

3.4.3 The color sorter cannot be installed in a place with more vibration or strong vibration, otherwise it will affect the effect of color selection and damage the color sorter.

3.4.4 The color sorting machine should not be installed in the place of low temperature, high temperature, humidity and dust. The operation room of the color sorting machine should be isolated from other equipment of the rice mill and ensure good ventilation. When the temperature is below 5 ° C or above 35 ° C, air conditioning should be installed.

3.4.5 The ground should be level and no pre-embedded anchor bolts are required.

3.5 In the rice entering the color sorter, there should be no stones, metal, etc., which requires the installation of a reasonable cylinder primary clearing screen, plane rotary screen, stone removing machine, vacuuming wind net, self-balance in the preliminary clearing section. Vibrating screen and magnetic separator, etc., remove as many impurities as possible, reduce the content of different color particles, reduce the working pressure of the color sorter, play the primary clearing function, and improve the efficiency of color selection.

3.6 Before the selection of rice color, it should be polished first. After the polished rice, it is white and bright, and has a good impression. There are no powders and other powders. If the rice contains many powders, high water content, long time and suitable temperature, it is easy to agglomerate in the channel, affecting the flow of rice grains. At the same time, the concentration of indoor dust is high, which will affect the recognition ability of the electric eye, reduce the accuracy of color selection, and reduce the color. The service life of the machine.

3.7 Before the selection of rice, white rice classification must be carried out. After the process of glutinous rice, rice milling, polishing, grain separation and impact during mechanical transportation, the process has become a part of the heterochromatic granules of the granules, mainly immature grains, mildew granules, yellow granules, etc. The tensile strength and compressive strength are small, the breaking rate is higher than the normal value, and the proportion in the medium crushing and the small crushing is also high, and the working amount of the color sorting machine can be greatly reduced by the classification.

3.8 Compressor. The air compressor should be oil-free and water-free. Filters and dryers should also be installed. All gas pipelines should be non-polluting and connected by rubber hoses or galvanized pipes or higher grade pipes. The air compressor should be placed in a separate house near the color sorter, preferably no more than 15m away, which reduces pressure loss and reduces noise. When installing an air compressor, you should also pay attention to the influence of the surrounding environment.

The gas supply system should supply clean, dry, and stable compressed air to the jet drive system. Otherwise, it will damage the gas supply system equipment, damage the nozzle, make the nozzle jet or not, and the jet system will malfunction, and the final color sorter will not work properly.

After the air compressor is shut down, the waste liquid should be emptied.

3.9 Feed hopper. The feeding hopper plays the role of buffer adjustment by storing the incoming material, ensuring that the color sorting machine feeds evenly and is not changed by the change of the front flow. The feeding hopper of the general rice factory can be designed and installed according to the actual situation of the workshop, generally it is suitable to ensure that the color sorting machine can work continuously for 30 minutes.

The feeding hopper can be supported by the bracket or directly suspended on the floor. It should not be carried by the color sorting machine. The lower end of the feeding hopper enters the feeding inlet of the machine by at least 50mm, and it must ensure sufficient size, otherwise it will affect the feeding. Uniformity. When designing the feed hopper, the need for secondary sorting should be considered.

The feed hopper should have the correct feeding mode. The feeding tube should be placed in the middle of the top of the feeding hopper. The rice should first fall to the distribution tray and then fall into the feeding hopper. Otherwise, some of the heterochromatic grains and rice grains will be used. The specific gravity is different, and the automatic classification is generated, so that the content of the heterochromatic particles in the local position is high. The feeding pipe entering the feeding hopper cannot be biased to one side, and it is necessary to ensure that the content of the heterochromatic particles in the cross section of the feeding hopper is basically the same, and the normal operation of the color selection is not affected.

4 few points to note
4.1 When the keyboard is operated, you should touch the button, you can't hit it or hit it with a tight and sharp object.

4.2 Do not allow hard objects to wipe the channel, otherwise it will damage the surface of the channel and affect the color selection effect.

4.3 When cleaning the channel sorting chamber, receiving hopper, etc. with a gas gun, never blow the air gun port toward the nozzle.

4.4 The operation of the color sorter should strictly follow the operating procedures. Only after confirming that the preparation work has been completed can the machine be turned on; the shutdown should also be performed in the shutdown sequence, and cannot be shut down at will.

4.5 In order to prevent interference and personnel safety, the supporting equipment and the main machine should be well grounded and the grounding resistance is <10Ω.

References: Zhou Qingjun on the process and equipment management of modern rice mills