First, appearance characteristics Luxi cattle body structure is well-proportioned, detailed and compact, and has a good body and body size. Bull multi-angle or gantry angle; cow angle varied, with more gantry angle. The skin is more developed. The shoulder of the bull is tall and generous, while the hindquarters are poorly developed. The gluteal muscles are not plump enough, and the body has a significantly higher and lower pre-winning body type. The cow's armor is relatively flat, the hindquarters are well developed, the back is short and straight, the hips are slightly inclined, the joints are dry, and tendons are evident. Forelimbs are positive limbs, the hind limbs are less curved and the distance between the hocks is small. Footstock is dense but poor in hardness. The tail is thin and long, and the tail hair often twists into a spinning brazing shape. Coats range from pale yellow to brown-red, with yellow being the most common. Generally, the color of the forequarters is deeper than the hindquarters, and the color of the bull is darker than that of the cows. The majority of cows have lighter shades on the inside of the eye, mouth, lower abdomen, and limbs. The nose is mostly pale flesh, and some bovine noses have dark spots or dark spots. The characters are sallow or amber, and the angles are mostly flat and gantry. Second, living habits Luxi cattle is a local breed cultivated under the conditions of careful management and full-year feeding in the production areas. Although it has the characteristics of resistance to roughage (single feeding of wheat straw can also maintain life), but generally speaking require detailed feeding and management conditions, so the feeding and management of Luxi cattle is extremely fine, the forage requires grinding and grinding, and more in winter Feeding “flowers and herbs†is even a habit of using Beans and sorghum porridge to feed cows. Luxi cattle has a higher ability to adapt to high temperatures and a poor ability to adapt to low temperatures. Generally in the 30 °C ~ 35 °C high temperature, the basic normal service. Luxi cattle in the winter -5 °C ~ -10 °C under the conditions of the need to have a strict warmth of the shacks, otherwise it is easy winter cold cattle phenomenon. Luxi cattle have stronger resistance to disease. In addition, Luxi cattle has a strong ability against cocci. Third, production performance 1, service performance Luxi cattle are gentle and easy to manage, and are easy to use to maximize their working ability. Medium to medium-sized individuals and moderately pleasing bulls and yaks, cultivating 5 to 6 mu of sandy land daily and 3 to 1 mu of cows. 2, meat production performance Luxi beef has good meat properties. The skin is thin and thin, the meat production rate is high, the muscle fibers are fine, and the fat is evenly distributed. The marble pattern is obvious. According to experiments, under the conditions of grass-based, mixed with a small amount of wheat straw, daily supplemental feed 2kg (beancake 40%, wheat bran 60%) conditions, fattening 1 to 1.5 years old cattle, the average daily gain 610g. According to the results of the slaughter test, the average slaughter rate of the 18-month-old yak was 57.2%, the net meat rate was 49.0%, the ratio of bone to flesh was 1:6.0, the ratio of fat to flesh was 1:4.23, and the area of ​​the eye muscle was 89.1 cm2. The average slaughter rate of adult cattle was 58.1%, the net meat rate was 50.7%, the ratio of bone to flesh was 1:6.9, the ratio of fat to flesh was 1:37, and the area of ​​eyeball was 94.2 cm2. 3, reproductive performance Luxi cattle have strong reproductive capacity. Cows are sexually mature, and some cows are able to receive pregnancy with 8 months of age. Generally, they start estrus from 10 to 12 months of age. The average estrous cycle is 22 (16-35) days, and the duration of estrus is 2 to 3 days. After estrus starts 21 -30 hours breeding, the conception rate is higher, the age of the cow is more than 1.5 to 2 years old, 7 to 8 heads can be born for a lifetime, up to 15 heads, 285 days (270 to 310) days during pregnancy, the first postpartum The average number of estruss was 35 (22-79) days. Bull sexual maturity is slightly later than cows, generally about 1 year old can produce mature sperm, 2 to 2.5 years old to start breeding, use years 5 to 7 years, if properly used, 10 years old still have better breeding ability; sexual function is most vigorous Before the age of 5 years; the amount of ejaculation is generally 5 ~ 10ml, sperm frost resistance with the individual and there is a big difference.
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Luxi cattle is one of the four major species of China's Central Plains cattle. It is mainly produced in Heze and Jining in the southwest of Shandong Province, that is, the north to the Yellow River, the south to the old course of the Yellow River, and the east to the triangle on both sides of the canal. It is located in Jiaxiang, Jinxiang, Jining, Wenshang and other counties and cities in Lucheng, Lucheng, Heze, Juye, Liangshan and Jining in the Heze area. Liaocheng, Tai'an and Shandong's northeast are also distributed.