A pumpkin
seed, also known as a pepita, is the
edible seed of a pumpkin or certain other cultivars of squash. The seeds are typically rather flat and asymmetrically oval, and light green in color and may have a white outer hull. Some cultivars are hulless, and are grown only for their seed. The seeds are nutrient-rich, with especially high content of protein, dietary
fiber and numerous micronutrients. The word can refer either to the hulled kernel or
unhulled whole seed, and most commonly refers to the roasted end product.
In a 100 gram
serving, the seeds are calorie-dense (574 kcal) and an
excellent source (20% of the Daily
Value, DV, and higher) of protein, dietaryfiber, niacin, iron, zinc, manganese, magnesium and phosphorus. The seeds are a good source (10–19% DV) of riboflavin, folate, pantothenic
acid, sodium and potassium.
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First, choose suitable varieties to choose suitable for summer cultivation of heat, moisture, disease resistance varieties: such as Xia Feng 1, Jin Yan 4, Jin Za 4 Jin Chun 4, Jin You 40 and so on.
Second, the nursery transplanting nursery 30 to 35 days before planting, can be shade net high temperature rainstorm seedlings. Seed dressing after disinfection and soaking with fresh water for 8 to 10 hours, picked up and drained to sow. Seeding methods are commonly used plastic cups and tray seedlings, nutrition soil should use new soil or vegetable garden soil not planted melons. One seed per hole was sown at the time of sowing, and then covered with 2 cm thick fluvo-aquic soil. Seedlings of 2 true leaves gradually go to the net to increase the light hardening seedlings.
Third, the selection of soil preparation site cucumber should be selected in the former crop is not a melon, and the ground is flat, convenient irrigation and drainage, soil loose, high organic matter content, strong water retention and fertility of the neutral slightly acidic soil cultivation. The planting method used for the planting was a 1 meter wide, a 0.4 meter high and a 0.3 meter wide groove. Combined application of basal fertilizer when plowing, Mushi potassium sulfate compound fertilizer 20 kilograms, superphosphate 30 kilograms, organic fertilizer 1500 to 2000 kilograms. Before the fertilization, the superphosphate is mixed into the organic fertilizer and piled for 2 to 3 days, which can improve the effect of the superphosphate.
4. Transplanting seedlings is planted in early July in the middle and late June. When the seedlings grow to 3 to 4 true leaves, they are transplanted in double rows. The row spacing and spacing are 0.6 meters and 0.3 meters, and about 3,500 acres are planted. It is appropriate.
Fifth, do a good job in field management Lead vine pruning. When the plants begin to pull vines, grow tendrils, plant height 0.3 to 0.4 meters, should be promptly take the stent and lead vine. The bracket can be used "human" shaped bracket, with the central surface of the skull as the center frame, the top of the bracket above the surface of the skull. The introduction of vines should be carried out in the sunny afternoon. When vines are introduced, the vines should be distributed evenly and every 3-4 days. The introduction of vines combined with pruning, early removal of the main vines from 1 to 6 of the side vines growing, after 6 nodes side of the leaves to leave a melon topping heart, after the main vine spread to the frame full of topping, the side vines will follow the natural growth. Immediately remove the yellow leaves from the lower part of the plant. 2. Fertilizer management. Cucumber is hi-fertilizer, which has the characteristics of low seedling absorption of fertilizer and large amount of fertilizer in the middle and late growth stages. Therefore, top dressing should be diluted from lean to heavy. 3 to 4 days after transplanting, until tendrils appear, 8% to 10% of urine water is applied every 3 to 4 days, and the application rate is about 1200 kilograms; the urine concentration of tendrils to flowering can be increased to 20%. The flowering result can be increased to 30% in concentration and applied once every 45 days. At the same time, because the cucumber needs more nitrogen and potassium in the result period, after the first time the melon is harvested, it is necessary to top-dress again and apply 20 kg of potassium sulfate compound fertilizer. After entering the harvest period, the ditch is opened in the middle of the loquat, and 15 kg of potassium sulfate compound fertilizer is applied in the mu and the soil is applied after the application. At the same time can be applied outside the root fertilizer: seedlings in the 3-leaf and 6-leaf phase spray 150 ~ 200ppm of ethephon to increase the number of female flowers, increase production, later combined with spraying for extra-root fertilizer, such as spraying potassium dihydrogen phosphate. , Magnesium sulfate, boron and other trace elements or 1% urea solution to promote the growth of cucumber. Plants are robust and grow vigorously, and the amount of topdressing should be appropriately reduced; if the plant growth is weak, the amount of fertilizer and topdressing should be increased to regulate the water content. During the summer cucumber seedling stage, due to rainfall, air humidity and soil moisture are large, and generally can not be watered. In case of hot sun, in order to reduce the temperature, water should be poured to supplement the loss of water due to transpiration. With the growth of plant stems and leaves from weak to prosperous, especially in the flowering period, it is necessary to meet the needs of stem and leaf growth and transpiration, but also to ensure that the flowering results of the water demand, so the sunny or dry place should be kept half the day Ditch water for night drainage and watering in the evening. If necessary, spray water in the morning or evening to reduce the temperature and increase the number of female flowers.
VI. Prevention and control of pests and diseases 1. Disease prevention and control. Blemishes: Control with 70% of Dixon 300 times, 75% of chlorothalonil 800 times or 70% thiophanate-methyl 800 times. Fusarium wilt: Spray it with 70% 800-fold solution of dexamethasone or 20% of liclosporin 800 times. Downy mildew: spray control with 58% of Mycobacterium rubra 600 times, 72% of Kelu 750 times or 70% thiophanate-methyl 800 times. Powdery mildew: 75% chlorothalonil 700 times spray control. Keratodermatitis: spraying with 200ppm agricultural streptomycin or 72% can kill 600 times liquid spray control. Disease: Use 75% chlorothalonil 600 times spray to control or 70% dexamethasone 1000 times to root. 2. Pest control. Gualou: control with 2.5% Uranus 3000 times liquid or 25% plutonium 1500 times liquid. Gualou: control with 50% killer pine 1000 times solution or Bacillus thuringiensis preparation. Bactrocera cucurbitae: Sprayed with 48% of Loxen 1000 times liquid.
Seven, timely harvesting cucumbers can be harvested 8 to 10 days after flowering. If the water and fertilizer are sufficient, the harvest will be more diligent and the yield will be higher. Generally, it is required to harvest every day. Harvesting should be carried out before 8:00 AM. Harvesting in the afternoon not only makes it possible to produce bitterness in the fruits and affect the quality, but also can not tolerate storage and transportation due to high temperatures. (Lucheng County Agricultural Technology Promotion Center Yu Fuhai Zhang Yongge)
The harvest period of summer cucumber coincides with the off season of vegetables, the price of fresh melons is stable, and the economic benefits are good. In addition, due to the high temperature in summer, long sunshine, strong light, and heavy rain and showers, there are often problems such as increased female-born nodes, fewer female flowers, and more pests and diseases. In order to cultivate a good summer cucumber and achieve high yields, the following points should be noted in cultivation: