Variety formation and distribution

Tibetan pigs are relatively old and primitive species in China. They are the only plateau and high-cold grazing pig breeds in China. They are mainly distributed in Tibet Autonomous Region and adjacent Ganzi Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture and Diqing Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture in Yunnan Province. In the area, the general elevation is from 2800m to 3500m above the hilly area, long sunshine hours, dry climate, large temperature difference between day and night, annual average temperature 7°C~12°C, annual rainfall is only 600mm~700mm, frost-free period 110 days~120 days . Tibetan pigs live in this extremely cold, closed and specific hill area. It is a hardy species formed through natural selection.

Body shape

Tibetan pigs are small in size, with sharp noses, narrow heads, straight face, no wrinkles, small ears, erect body, narrow body, slightly convex back, slightly higher hindquarters than their forelegs, strong and compact limbs, suitable for climbing, good at running, visually advanced The coat is dark, with a small amount of brown hair. Some of the pigs have frontal, acrotic, and white tails. The armpit hair is long and dense, and there are plenty of hairs. The smell is sensitive and convenient for foraging. It can escape the beasts and resist cold. Adult pigs generally range from 25 kg to 33 kg, sows are heavier than boars, and generally have a body height of 40 cm to 50 cm and a body length of about 85 cm. Sows generally have 5 pairs to 6 pairs of nipples.

Variety characteristics and development prospects

Tibetan pigs have a slow growth and a very slow weight growth. According to local data, under the predominantly grazing conditions, the weight of a 6-month-old sow was only 15.34 kg, and the weight of an adult sow of 24 months or more was 33.04 kg. One of the lightest breeds at the moment. Under the condition of unlimited, free-feeding, the digestibility per kilogram of mixture was 11.78 MJ and 107 grams of digested protein. The body weight of 300-day-old Tibetan male sows was 27.893.14 kg and 32.922.92 kg, respectively.

The sow's initial condition is mostly from 4 months to 5 months, and the estrus cycle is from 20 days to 30 days. The estrus duration is longer from 3 days to 4 days, and the common mother-mother polyculture is used for random mating. The average number of births per sow was 4.470.08, and the average number of births of second and third births was 5.40.23 and 5.580.23, respectively, which was the lowest in the number of minipigs in China. The variety. Tibetan pigs weigh 0.4 kg to 0.6 kg, naturally weaned from 2 months to 3 months of age, weighing approximately 2.5 kg to 4 kg.

In view of the above-mentioned characteristics of Tibetan pigs, we can breed new varieties (strains) that are resistant to cold, rough, strong stress, and fast growth rate through hybridization and improvement methods. Therefore, Tibetan pigs are a rare and valuable genetic resource in China and will play a unique role in the future breeding of new breeds.

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