The key to successfully feeding sows is to maintain adequate feeding during lactation, and it is a general principle to limit feeding during pregnancy. In the production practice, we feed lean-type sows, and in the case of appropriate environmental conditions without serious parasitic disease infestation, the daily sow feed 1.8-2.5kg in pregnancy can meet the needs. Increasing the intake of sows during pregnancy and significantly increasing the weight of sows did not have much effect on the weight of newborn piglets. However, according to research data and production practice, it is reflected that restricting the sow feed intake during pregnancy can increase the survival rate of embryos and litter size, which can reduce the possibility of sows giving birth and the likelihood that the piglet will be crushed by the sow. However, an increase in feed intake during the gestation period of sows will result in a decrease in lactation during lactation feed intake. Therefore, feeding high-level diets during pregnancy will reduce the feed intake during lactation and thus start to use the body reserves earlier. Limiting feed intake during pregnancy will prevent weight loss and help extend reproductive life of sows. In practice, the sow feed intake limiting the gestation period should be based on the individual feeding level. The factors that determine the level of individual feeding include: 1. The size of the sow; 2. The sow body condition; 3. The feeding method; 4. The feeding mode; 5. The environmental conditions; 6. The herd health level; Level; 8. Management level. Under normal circumstances, the sow is divided into three stages for management: early pregnancy, late pregnancy, and perinatal period. (A) early pregnancy: mating to 80 days of pregnancy, take food restrictions, reduce the early Embryonic Development and death, generally feeding 1.8-2.5kg/day. (B) late pregnancy: 80-105 days, take food restrictions, appropriate to increase feed intake. Because this is one-third of the gestation period, the growth rate of the sow's fetus exponentially increases. Insufficient feed intake leads to the anabolic state of the sow during childbirth, which leads to postpartum sow resolution. With its own body tissues, feed intake during lactation will decrease. If you increase the amount of feed in this stage to avoid this problem, but also increase the birth weight of piglets, improve the survival rate of piglets, the general sow feeding amount of 2.5-3.0kg/day. (III) Perinatal period: One week before delivery, from 105 days of pregnancy to delivery, this phase is the critical period for fetal weight gain in sows. It is also the period of sow breast development. If the concentration of feed nutrients is increased, sows in this stage will be kept well. It is important to reduce the mortality of piglets born, increase the birth weight of suckling pigs, increase the quantity and quality of colostrum, increase the feed intake of lactating sows, shorten the return period, and increase the multiple birth rate. Therefore, in practice, we must increase the amount of feed and raise the feed nutrient concentration. The method we adopt now is to adopt free-feeding to better solve the problem of “too long for calving”, “delayed colostrum” after delivery, “no milk”, “suckling of piglets after birth” and “sucking piglet mortality rate”. High and other issues. During the first trimester of pregnancy, the energy concentration in the diet was 3.3 kcal/kg, crude protein 13%, lysine 0.5%, and vitamin E and vitamin C levels were increased. Each pig is fed 2-3 kg of green fodder. In addition to the constant amount of minerals, organic chromium is added. Energy in the late gestation and perinatal diets was 3.4 kcal/kg, crude protein was 16%, lysine was 0.8%, vitamin E, and C were increased, and plant fats were added in feeds 2-4% (fatty powder 2%, soy lecithin 4%). In terms of herd management, sows in small groups (3-5 heads) are managed in the first trimester of pregnancy, and they enter the monopoly fetus at the end of pregnancy and enter the delivery room 7-10 days before childbirth. Practice has shown that increasing the amount of fat fed to the sow's feed during late pregnancy has a significant effect on increasing the birth weight of piglets. According to relevant research, the main mechanism is that in plant fats, some of the medium-chain fats are easily digested by pigs, and the medium-chain triglycerides are easily metabolized into ketone bodies because the ketone bodies easily pass through the placenta and are used to develop the fetus. Lipid synthesis and production of glucose, therefore, it can improve the fetal energy storage and piglet viability at birth.

Digestive system

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