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A: Soil testing and formula fertilization includes three processes. One is to test the available nutrients in the soil to understand the status of soil nutrient content. This is the soil test; the second is based on the expected output of the crop you are planting this year. We call it the target output, and then according to this crop Fertilizer demand and soil nutrient status, calculate the need
The various fertilizers and dosages required are the formulas; the third is the rational arrangement of the various fertilizers needed to do base fertilizers, seed fertilizers, and the application ratio and application techniques. This is fertilization.
2: What is the role and significance of soil testing and formula fertilization?
A: First, soil testing and formula fertilization are the main ways to increase the utilization rate of chemical fertilizers.
At present, the average annual fertilizer utilization rate in China is only 30%, nitrogen is 20%-45%, phosphorus is 10%-25%, and potassium is 25%-45%. There are many reasons for the low utilization rate of chemical fertilizers, but the amount of fertilization and the proportion of fertilization are unreasonable, which is the main factor. By carrying out soil testing and formula fertilization, the amount of fertilizer and the proportion of each nutrient element in fertilizer can be reasonably determined, and the utilization rate of chemical fertilizer can be effectively improved.
Second, promotion of soil testing and formula fertilization is an important measure to achieve “improving quality, saving costs, and increasing profitsâ€.
Fertilizer is an important means of production in agricultural production, accounting for more than 50% of the production investment in the crop production, directly related to the cost and quality of agricultural products. Soil testing and fertilizer application
It can effectively control the input of chemical fertilizers and the proportion of various fertilizers to achieve the purpose of reducing costs and increasing production and income.
Third, the economic benefits are obvious.
Soil testing and formula fertilization first showed a significant increase in production and income, specifically in:
Fertilizer production increase. Without increasing investment in chemical fertilizers, only adjusting the proportion of fertilizers such as nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium will increase production and income. For example, Hubei Donggang adjusted the proportion of chemical fertilizers from 1:0.17:0.25 in 1980 to 1:0.57:0.7 in 1992, which increased the rice production efficiency in the county by 64%. Increase weight gains. In high-fertilizer, high-yield areas, through reduction
Reduce the amount of fertilizer and increase production or the effect of the production. For example, after implementing the "rice nitrogen modification method" in the Pearl River Delta of Guangdong, the amount of nitrogen fertilizer is reduced by about 40%, while the yield per unit of rice is still increased by more than 10%. Increase fertilizer production. For example, in Shaanxi Province, through soil testing and formula fertilization, soil potassium deficiency was found in some areas, and potassium fertilizer was applied to increase the yield of crops by 15%-23%.
In addition, soil testing and formula fertilization can also cultivate fertility, protect the ecology, coordinate nutrients, prevent and treat diseases, and reasonably allocate the limited source of fertilizers.
1: What is soil testing and formula fertilization?