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As the weather warms up and the earth rejuvenates, with the arrival of spring, various agricultural activities will also come. Spring sowing and spring planting are the main body of spring farming activities in the north. I. Spring sowing (Spring planting) The agricultural implements used for spring sowing and spring planting should be maintained as early as possible so that they can be put into working condition; the seed used for spring planting should be well-prepared for germination test, in order to correctly evaluate its seed use value and accurately calculate the seeding amount. Prepare; barley, spring wheat, peas, rape, etc. prefer cool sowing of spring sowing crops; timely sowing for spring sowing of corn, cotton and other thermophilic crops; Sowing; sweet potato selection, seedlings on the seedlings. 2. The key crops of the spring pipes in northern China are winter wheat. The wheat fields in northern China this year have the following characteristics: 1 The sown area has decreased, but the area of ​​high-quality wheat has increased; 2 The wheat fields in northern China last year were less frequent during autumn and fall, and wheat fields were less. Insufficient keratin, although winter snow is hidden, but thawing on the limited supply of soil moisture, so a part of the wheat fields without freezing water there is a hidden danger of drought; 3 autumn, winter warm and cold after the weather may make part of the winter is weak, especially It is the phenomenon of dead seedlings in wheat fields with poor soil moisture during winter; 4 Most wheat fields have normal seedlings, but some wheat fields are still seedlings due to too early sowing or large seedlings, and there is a risk of lodging, and some wheat field sowing quality. Poor, pre-winter management has not kept pace with the formation of different types of weak seedlings. For the characteristics of this year's wheat production, we should focus on the following aspects: (1) Do a good job in the protection and repair of wheat. The buckwheat or repression measures shall be adopted for the wheat fields that have good lyrical conditions and do not affect the normal return to green fields; if the bottom pods are not fed with frozen water, and the spring wheat fields are seriously deficient in spring, they shall be poured back to Qingshui. The watering time should be controlled when the 5 cm ground temperature reaches 5°C. The amount of water should not be too large. (2) Promoting wheat seedlings to return to green as soon as possible, and promoting weak and strong growth. The normal return of wheat to winter is an important sign of safe wintering, and it is also the basis for high yields. The main measures include: 1 supplementing water in wheat fields that are poorly plucked; 2 supplementing fertilizers to seedlings that lack water and lack of water, and it is best to use extra-root fertilizers. Such as foliar spraying, there is a significant effect of promoting weak seedlings to turn strong seedlings; 3 to the wheat field without shortage of fertilizer, no water, especially the weak seedling field to take seedlings or repressive measures to increase the temperature and promote green; 4 pairs In order to ensure the number of panicles due to fewer seedlings and other reasons, in order to ensure the number of panicles, in addition to foliar fertilizer, low-dose “Zhuangfengan†may be sprayed on the leaves, and 20 ml of water may be used for every 667 square meters. 25-30 kg application. (3) Appropriately apply fertilizer and water. The main body fertilizer is used to increase the tillering success rate and ensure the spike number of 667 square meters. Therefore, the standing fertilizer is only applied when the total number of stems is not enough to ensure the number of panicles, and the wheat field that can ensure the number of panicles without applying body water can be used. . And the amount of fertilizer should not be too large, generally not more than 1/4 of the total nitrogen application. (4) Prevent early lodging. The phenomenon of wheat lodging is behind, and the reason is before. It is an important period to stand up until booting. From the time of getting up to the jointing period, it is the key period. Before and after the period of getting up is the best period, so the wheat field with lodging tendency should be prevented early. The main measures are: 1 to get up to the first stretch of the joints before the ground is not stretched out, to suppress the wheat field; 2 from the joint up after the jointing period, it is best to get up and spray Zhuang Fengan, commonly used drugs per 667 square meters 30 ~ 40 ml of foliar sprayed 25 to 30 kg of foliar spray, lodging the trend of serious wheat, drug dosage can be increased to 50 ml. Both repression and chemical control can prevent lodging, but chemical anti-fall techniques are efficient and convenient. (5) Prevent disease and weeding early. The main diseases in northern wheat are powdery mildew, rust, sheath blight, and leaf blight. Control powdery mildew and rust, can be used 20% Trifenin EC 50 ml watered spray; prevention of blight, leaf blight can be used 50% carbendazim 500 solution or 70% thiophanate-methyl 1000 solution spray; wheat withered Disease can be used 5% Jinggangmycin aqueous solution, per 667 square meters of medication 200 ~ 500 ml watered 50 ~ 60 kg, watering the stem base of wheat; wheat field has been infected with root rot available 15% Triadimefon, 100 grams per 667 square meters of medication Watered 20-25 kg, sprayed once in the early flowering stage and filling period; weeds should be selected according to the weed type herbicides, the current chemical herbicides used in wheat fields are "2.4-D-butyl ester" and superstars. Please read the instructions carefully before use. (6) Apply fertilizer and water at good jointing stage. Fertilizer at jointing stage is not only the key measure to reduce the degradation of florets and increase the grain number per ear, but also plays an important role in stabilizing panicle number and increasing grain number. Fertilizer is also an important measure to build a reasonable population structure during this period. Therefore, as long as the previous fertilizer and water is not excessive, the general wheat should be applied jointing fertilizer and water, fertilizer and water applied properly during this period can also effectively prevent lodging. If the application is too early or too early, excessive use of this period will often lead to late-maturing lust. Therefore, the application of jointing fertilizer should be delayed in turn according to the order of “weakness-strong-wangâ€, and the application amount should also be reduced. (7) To ensure high quality and high quality wheat for high quality use. Whether or not wheat is high-yielding and high-quality, on the one hand, is related to the characteristics of the varieties, and on the other hand is also conditioned by environmental conditions. Planting "high-quality special wheat" should pay attention to creating a good environment on the basis of the selection of varieties. 1 It is necessary to improve fertilization techniques, mainly including adjustment of fertilization types, application periods and methods. First, on the basis of phosphorus stabilization, nitrogen and potassium are increased to meet the needs of wheat yield and quality. Secondly, nitrogen fertilizer should be promoted in stages and appropriately moved backwards. The key fertilizer application period should be at the jointing, booting and flowering stage. The jointing fertilizer is used to stabilize the ear. , Increased grain production, production retention, booting, and flowering fertilizers are used to increase the amount of nitrogen transferred to ensure the quality of the product. The third is to appropriately increase sulfur fertilizer to improve the quality of the protein. 2 To plant high-quality wheat to avoid lodging, wheat lodging is no quality. 3 pay attention to disease prevention, disease will make grain shrivel, reduce grain quality and gluten strength. 4 timely harvest to avoid seed germination.