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The high-quality pumpkin varieties developed by the Horticultural Institute of Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences are partly bred by the Institute and partly imported from abroad. Its common features are: strong disease resistance, low temperature resistance, low light resistance, easy fruit set, easy cultivation, high yield, and starch and pectin substances, vitamins and other nutrients and health care ingredients content is much higher than ordinary pumpkin, the appearance of the United States , good merchandise, good flavor and taste. Now some of the major varieties and cultivation techniques are described below. I. Variety Introduction 1. Gan Liwang: Early hybrid generation, strong growth potential, thick stems, dark green leaves, 1st female flower nodes 6-8 sections, can appear continuously Female flowers have good fruit setting and fruit development period is about 40 days. The fruit weight is about 2 kilograms, the fruit is flat and round, the peel is dark green, the fruit is neat, and the commodity rate is high. Meat thickness 3.2 cm, dense meat, high silty, good flavor and taste. Low temperature, low light, heat resistance, virus resistance, wide adaptability. Generally about 2,000 kilograms per mu. 2. Redcurrant King: The early hybrids have strong growth vigor, thick vines, green leaves, and 4-6 knots of the first female flower. They can have female flowers in succession, with good fruit setting and 35-40 days of fruit development. The melon weighs about 1.5 kilograms, the fruit is oblate, the peel dark green, the fruit is neat, the commodity rate is high. Meat thickness 3.0-3.2 cm, dense meat, high silty, good taste and taste. Low temperature and low light, anti-virus disease, wide adaptability. General production of 1800-2000 kg per mu. Second, the spring open field cultivation techniques 1, sowing and nursery: The above introduced pumpkin varieties belong to the type of Western pumpkin, spring cultivation suitable for early sowing, sowing date can be calculated according to the period of colonization. Such as Jianghuai, can be planted in the late mid-April, with a seedling age of 30 days, should be sown in late March. If it is required to be listed at a specific time, the seeding period may also be deducted based on the listing period. Use nutrient mulching film seedlings, bed soil available 2 / 3 of the soil, 1/3 of the decomposed organic fertilizer with 0.3% of the ternary compound fertilizer. Seedlings and pods were lined up and flattened, and 1-2 days before sowing, 70% thiophanate-methyl 1000-time solution was immersed in bed soil with warm water. After sowing, the seeds were fully dried in the sun and then soaked in warm water at 55°C. The agitation was continued until the seeds were cooled and soaked for 4-5 hours. At 28-30°C, the germination was carried out for about 36 hours. After the seeds were whitened, the seeds were ready for sowing. 1 seed buds, seeds laid flat, buds down on its cover soil 1-2 cm thick, the top cover and straw, maintaining a certain temperature and humidity. The optimum temperature for emergence is 25-30°C. After sowing, if the weather is good, it can emerge in 2-3 days. The optimum temperature during the seedling period is 25°C during the day and 15°C at night to maintain a certain temperature difference between day and night to facilitate cultivation of strong seedlings. About 7 days before planting, the seedlings were made. 2, soil fertigation. The pumpkin has a well-developed root system and strong fertilizer absorption capacity. It requires deep plowing. Guadi should be selected lands with good conditions for irrigation and drainage, plowing for 15 days before planting, and uniform mixing and decomposing organic fertilizer 3000-4000 kg. Press 2.5 meters (single row) or 4 meters (double row) 1 inch to open the car, make a 20-30 cm high colonization plant, open a drainage ditch around, open a fertilization ditch 40 centimeters away from the ditch, and apply potassium sulfate per acre. 50 kg of ternary compound fertilizer, 30 kg of calcium, magnesium and phosphate fertilizers, and the entire surface of the surface after covering the soil. 5-7 days before planting can fully fill the water, cover the film to increase the temperature. 3, colonization. In open field cultivation, colonization occurs when the seedlings grow to 2-3 true leaves without frost damage. The cultivation density differs depending on the cultivation method, the pruning method and the variety. Gan Li Wang pumpkin strong branching, and more use of double vine pruning. Single-row planting, climbing cultivation, plant spacing 60 cm, mus planted about 550; double row climbing, planting each side of a row of 1 row, spacing 70-80 cm, 400-500 acres planted. The scaffolds were planted and cultivated for a width of 2.5 cm. Each row was planted with two rows of 60-70 cm plant spacing and 800 planted acres. Should choose sunny afternoon colonization, planting before the nutrition seedlings to be permeable, in order to facilitate the seedlings to dislocate and prevent scattered sting wounds, affect the survival rate; after planting should be poured 1 root water, and add 20% speed extinguishes to kill Ding, To prevent underground pests. 4, pruning and fruit set. After 7-10 days of general colonization, the main vine leaves 4-5 true leaf toppings. When the vine grows to about 30 centimeters in length, 2 healthy vines are selected and all the remaining vines are cut off. The directions are neatly arranged so as to avoid cross-over overlap. The vine spacing is generally maintained at about 30 cm in order to facilitate full acceptance of sunlight. If the vines are long, the vines can be raised later, part of them surround the side of the planting hole, and the apex is still aligned, which is favorable for the female flowers to fully accept the sunlight during the opening period, promote the female flower hypertrophy, and at the same time facilitate the search for the female flower's habitat, in order to facilitate pollination. Pruning should be done before fruit setting, usually every 5-7 days to prevent the growth of branches and leaves. All pruning operations should not be carried out on a rainy day or in the morning with heavy dew, so as to avoid invasion of pathogenic bacteria from the pruning wound. Fruit setting is related to plant growth and variety. Usually in the fruit of 12-25, it is advisable to use 2-3 female flowers on the vine. It is best to have two vines on the same time to set fruit, each vine sitting 2-4. If the fruit-setting section is too low, it is easy to produce deformed melons and small melons. The low-section melons and the deformed melons should be removed in time, and 3-4 good melons should be reserved for each plant. After the vines have been given good powder, they can leave 5-8 knots after the next sitting position to promote fruit setting, or after the fruit is set, the cranberry grows to about 30 knots or has reached the next ridge, and removes it. All lateral branches. If the growth is weak, you can leave one vine without plucking your heart, or you can leave 1-2 vine vines in the fruit setting after harvesting. In the later period, remove all old leaves and diseased leaves to facilitate ventilation. The opening of the squash male and female flower is early, generally sunny at 4 o'clock in the morning and flowering. After 9 o'clock, it is difficult to fertilize. Therefore, it is better to pollinate at 5-8 o'clock in the morning. When cultivated in the open field, the stigma and pollen on rainy days are vulnerable to rain. They can be tied or bagged in the corolla of the yellow female flower that will be opened in the morning of the previous day. The male buds that are open on the second day are collected and sprayed to cultivate the water. Rain pollination, pollination after pollination or bagging, in order to improve the effectiveness of artificial pollination. 5, fertilizer and water management. Due to the developed pumpkin root system and strong fertility, the amount of fertilizer needed is large and there is no shortage of fertilizer and water. However, the amount of nitrogen fertilizer used in the early stage of the basal fertilizer application should not be excessive. Otherwise, they are prone to leggy and affect the results. Top dressing was carried out in 2 rounds. After the first pruning, a dressing trench was opened at a distance of 50 cm from the planting point, and 10 kg of urea was applied to Urea, and 15 kg of ternary compound fertilizer was used for potassium sulfate. Combined with soil, weeding and weeding, If precipitation does not meet precipitation, irrigation should be performed at the same time. The second time after fruiting, the quick-acting fertilizers are mainly used, and they can be applied with irrigation water. The soil moisture content can also be better in the central digging hole of the earthworms. Mushi compound fertilizer 15 kg. In the later period, 0.3% urea or potassium dihydrogen phosphate can be sprayed on the leaves to maintain the growth of the plants before harvesting and promote fruit enlargement. In the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River, there are usually more rains in spring and summer, and there is basically no need for irrigation during the whole period. In case of rainy season, it is necessary to drain the gully to prevent the occurrence of diseases. Stop irrigation 15 days before harvest. 6. Pest control. In spring cultivation, the main diseases are virus disease, powdery mildew, epidemic disease and downy mildew, etc. The pests mainly include Huang Shougua, aphids, and small ground tigers. The prevention of virus diseases mainly lies in the disinfection of seeds and the prevention of aphid transmission. After the onset of disease, the diseased plants are removed in time to prevent the spread of diseases. Diseases such as powdery mildew are mainly caused by high humidity. Therefore, it is necessary to prevent and combine prevention and control. In general, sorghum cultivation should be used to reduce the humidity in the field and use 70% thiophanate 1000 times solution, 75% mancozebite 700 times solution and other agents to be used alternately. Generally, spray once every 7 days. The pests mainly harmed the pumpkin seedlings, and timely covered the mulch after colonization, and sprayed with trichlorfon, scorpion net, rapid extermination and other agents. The seedling period is sprayed once every 3-5 days. 7, harvest. Harvested tender melons, generally 10-15 days after flowering, old melons are harvested about 40 days after flowering. When Gan Liwang’s squash is cooked, the skin changes from green to dark green, and the fruit stems crack and become lignified. Can also be the first batch of picking melon to catch the morning market, the second batch is harvested after aging, stored in a dry and ventilated place, can be stored for 2-3 months listing.