At present, rotary-cultivation machinery has been widely used in China and is gradually becoming an important category of agricultural machinery. China's current drive-type farming machinery products include rotary cultivators and compound work machines, driven disc ploughs, tilled ploughs, paddy-driven rakes, vertical rakes, etc., but the main output is mainly rotary cultivators. At present, the mass production and promotion of the use of 2.2-74.6 kW walking tractor and riding tractor supporting rotary cultivator three series of 145 kinds of products, the replacement of the late 80s. Since the 1990s, a number of new products for rotary ploughing and multi-functional work tools have been developed in China, and are gradually being put on the market. At present, there are about 150,000 domestic and medium-sized tractors equipped with rotary cultivators, and 2 million hand-rotors and small four-wheel rotary cultivators. Rotary cultivators have accounted for 80% of the rice production in southern China. The use of rotary cultivators has also been widely used in northern rice production, vegetable cultivation, and land reclamation. First, the characteristics of rotary cultivator It has the following operating characteristics: 1. Strong soil performance, smooth ground after operation. In the dryland operation, the tractor's power output shaft drives the rotary cultivator to rotate, cutting the soil, and the earth blocks that have been cut out collide and crack. After the clay blocks are fragmented, the coverage is even and flat, and the furrow will not appear on the ground. 2. The length of the longitudinal structure and the length of the earthing stroke are relatively short, and the land is reduced accordingly, resulting in higher productivity. 3. Can make full use of the tractor's power. When working on cultivated land, the tractor drive wheel may slip, resulting in reduced traction. However, when the rotary cutter shaft rotates, the cutting direction of the blade is opposite to the forward direction of the tractor, so the cutting reaction force of the soil to the blade is consistent with the forward direction of the tractor. Therefore, when the tractor and the rotary tiller work together, the rotation The rotation of the cultivator itself will produce a force that will advance the machine, which will give full play to the power of the tractor. 4. Can complete farming operations at one time, reducing the number of operations, saving energy consumption and time, in the summer harvest summer farming busy season, you can complete production tasks in a timely manner, not mistaken farming time. Second, the correct use of rotary cultivator 1. Correctly select rotary shaft speed and tractor speed. In order to ensure that the rotary cultivator can meet the agronomic requirements during the operation, the speed of the dry ploughing operation is 2-3 km/h, and for the ploughing or ploughing operation, 3-5 km/h can be selected. For the rotation speed of the rotary cutter shaft, the low speed gear is generally used for paddy farming or tilling with relatively large resistance, and the rotation speed is about 200 rpm. When the soil with relatively small specific resistance is used for hydroponic, alfalfa and tillage High-speed gears are used, and their speed is generally around 270 rpm. 2, rotary cultivator operations. Because there are two forms of the hydraulic suspension device and the structure of the power output shaft of the tractor, the rotary cultivator is different in the lifting operation. One is that the tractor hydraulic suspension mechanism and the power output shaft are respectively driven (such as Taishan-50, Dongfeng-50, Shanghai-50 and other tractors). Regardless of whether the power output shaft rotates, the rotation of the rotary tiller is not affected by the power output shaft. . Another type of tractor's hydraulic suspension mechanism and power output shaft are linked (such as the Harvest-27 tractor). With this model, the rotary cultivator can only be lifted when the power output shaft is rotated. When this kind of tractor is working in the field, if the cutter blade is stuck in the mud, the cutter shaft will not move, the tractor will be extinguished due to the heavy load, and the rotary tiller will not rise. At this moment, the power output shaft should be Remove the joints and allow the power output shaft to idle and lift the rotary tiller. Third, the rotavator adjustment and maintenance 1, the adjustment of the chain. Chain adjustment should pay attention to the looseness of the chain and the phenomenon of chain climbing, too tight will increase the wear and tear. When adjusting, pay attention to the force of the top tensioning slide rail should be within 5-10 kilograms, in order to be able to pressure the loose edge chain is appropriate, if the use of pressure does not move, then the chain is too tight. 2, the adjustment of the bearing clearance. There are two ways to adjust: First, increase or decrease the shims. For bearings with fixed inner ring and adjustable outer ring, the axial clearance can be adjusted by increasing or decreasing the gasket at the bearing cover. Using this method to adjust the bearing clearance mainly include: 1 meter rotary cultivator first axis, 1.25-1.75 meter side rotation rotary cultivator on the first axis and the second axis of the cone bearing, intermediate transmission rotary cultivator cylindrical gear shaft and Knife shaft A tapered bearing at the spline shaft. After checking the adjusted bearing clearance, if there is no measuring instrument and special tool, the shaft can be turned by hand according to experience. There should be no obvious axial turbulence and rotation is flexible. If it is too tight and the rotation is difficult, the spacer should be added. Matsushita should remove the gasket. The second is the adjustment nut. All bearings that are fixed in the outer ring and adjustable in the inner ring can be used to adjust the axial clearance. Adopt this method to adjust mainly include: 1 meter of rotary cultivator middle gear box second shaft, 1.25-1.75 meter side driving rotary reamer middle gear box on the third shaft cone bearing, middle gear transmission rotary cultivator gear box bevel gear Axle (first axis) bevel gear. The adjustment method is (take a 1 meter rotary cultivator as an example): First tighten the round nut of the big bevel gear end, lock the thrust washer, then tighten the other end of the round nut, and turn the bearing by hand until it cannot rely on the inertia force. Then turn, and then hit the shaft with a wooden hammer head, so that the bearing inside and outside the ring close, and then review the bearing preload situation, adjusted and locked with a locking nut. 3, the main working parts overhaul (1) Machete. The blunt machete should be re-sharpened, the deformed machete must be cushioned, and then quenched (the handle part is not hardened). The hardened machete hardness should be HRC50-55. If it is damaged, it should be replaced with a new one. (2) Tool holder. The damage of the tool seat is mostly de-welding, cracking or hexagonal hole deformation. The partially damaged tool holder can be repaired by the welding rod, and the damaged one should be replaced. But when welding the tool holder, pay attention to the deformation of the tool shaft. (3) Axle shaft tube. Broken knife shaft tube can put a piece of round steel with good weldability in the tube at the fracture. After welding, artificial aging and straightening should be performed. Then check the bearing shields at both ends. If the overshoot is too large, replace the end with no spline. The shaft head should be based on the original spline end diameter as the basis for processing the new shaft head to ensure that the knife shaft rotation and balance. Four, rotavator off failure 1, common reasons (1) Rotary cultivators use jaw clutches. Due to the long time of use, the tooth surface of the teeth is severely worn and the teeth are rounded and the shape of the teeth is rounded and the self-locking ability after meshing is lost. Easy to slip and disengage during operation. (2) The spring force of the positioning spring of the engagement sleeve is too small or is broken, the meshing teeth are subjected to force or the vibration of the unit is encountered, and the engagement sleeve generates an axial sliding and the gear is disengaged. (3) The axial ball groove of the engagement sleeve has large axial wear. During the working process of the unit, the steel ball moves axially to disengage the meshing teeth. (4) The shifting groove and the ball head of the joystick are excessively worn, and the axial free clearance is too large during the shifting process. Even if the upper gear is engaged, the meshing width of the meshing teeth is small, and it is easy to change the load or the unit jumps. Unblock. 2, Rotary cultivator remove the fault troubleshooting method (1) When the clutch meshing tooth wears bald, it should be promptly repaired or replaced. The repair can be used carbon welding electrode welding meshing teeth, and then using standard tooth indentation after welding repair, and heat treatment according to the provisions. (2) Use a standard spring to replace the spring with too little elasticity or breaking to ensure that the engaging sleeve has sufficient positioning stability and reliability. (3) The grooves of the positioning sleeves of the engagement sleeves should be repaired or replaced with new ones if excessive wear occurs. (4) When the pull-out groove and the ball head of the joystick are excessively worn, they can be welded and repaired, and then heat-treated after being manually trimmed. Replacement of new parts that cannot be repaired. Fifth, the correct maintenance of rotary cultivator “The principle of prevention and treatment of weight and cultivation†is the principle of the use and maintenance of rotary cultivators. Rotary cultivator maintenance is divided into class maintenance and quarterly maintenance. Under normal circumstances, each class should be carried out after the class maintenance, maintenance content includes: 1, check tighten the connection bolts; 2. Check whether there are any defects in the wearing parts such as bolts and split pins, and replace them if necessary; 3, check the transmission case, ten bytes and bearings are short of oil, if necessary, immediately added. Quarterly maintenance should be performed after completion of each quarter of the job, including: 1. Thoroughly remove the dust and oil on the equipment; 2. Completely replace the oil and grease; 3. Check if the blade is excessively worn, and replace it if necessary; 4. Check the hood, pallets, etc. for deformation, and restore it. Original or renewed; 5, a comprehensive inspection of the appearance of the equipment, make up the paint, machete, spline oil rust; 6, long-term non-use, the wheeled tractor supporting rotary cultivator should be placed on the level of the ground, not Hang on the tractor.
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