The structure of sweet cherry's high-yield, high-yielding tree has the following characteristics: first, low-dry and short-crown; second, less branches and branches, resulting in more branches; third, the main branch has a large angle and sufficient illumination. The main form of the tree is a modified trunk, similar to the free spindle shape of Apple. The specific shaping process is: In the first year of spring, the height of dryness is more than 90 cm. Through sprouting and wiping buds, 3-5 main branches are cultivated at a position 60 cm above the ground. The main branch spacing is maintained at about 20 cm, and Evenly distributed in space. In the spring of the second year, the head of the center will be stretched to 40-60 cm, and the main branch will continue to be inserted as required. The main branch left over from the previous year was opened and the angle was not cut. The above work will be repeated 2-3 years later, and the improvement of the main body will be basically completed.

One, commonly used pruning method

(1) Slow release: The one-year-old branches are not cut and allowed to grow naturally, which is called slow-release, also called dumping, long-distance release, and is mostly applied to the vegetative branches of young trees. (2) Short cuts: The pruning method that cuts off one year old branches is called short cuts and is used at all levels of branches to promote the expansion of the crown. (3) Thinning: The pruning method that cuts or saws 1 year branches or perennial branches from the base is called thinning. Cherry trees cannot be overslept too much, and large branches are generally not to be removed, so as to avoid the flow of glue or chapped wounds to weaken the tree vigor and even cause death of large branches. If the non-negligible branch is to be carried out in batches during the growing season and it should be completed before the onset of the rainy season at the end of June, the wound should be protected with white magnetic oil to prevent chapped cracks. During the shaping of the saplings, in order to reduce the sparse amount of spring shearing, summer shearing measures such as wiping shoots, picking hearts, and twisting shoots should be strengthened in the growing season to reduce the ineffective consumption of nutrients. (4) Retraction: The removal or sawing off of perennial branches is called retraction and is performed during the dormant period. (5) Carve buds: Use a small hacksaw to pull horizontally over the buds to reach the xylem and stimulate the buds to sprout. The carving of sweet cherry must be strictly controlled. It should be carried out when the top of the bud turns green and has not yet germinated. Before autumn and bud sprouting, it cannot be squashed so as not to cause gumming. (6) Topping: Before summer lignification, the tips of new shoots are removed or cut. The early picking of the hearts is generally carried out 7-10 days after flowering, and the picking of the heart during the growing season is carried out from late May to mid-July. (7) Twist: When the new shoot is semi-lignified, the middle part of the new shoot is twisted by hand and reversely twisted 180. Instead of damaging the mother branch, it hurts the wood and cortex without twisting to control its vegetative growth and promote flower bud formation. . (8) Take a branch: Take a hand and grab a branch from the base to the top of the Wang tip, and injure the xylem without breaking it. Take branches for May to August. (9) Open angle: The young cherry tree grows vigorously, the main branch has a small base angle, and the tree stands upright. In the second year after planting, the main branch corner should be opened artificially. The period of opening the branch is after the sap flow in late March or after the cherry harvest at the end of June.

Second, the young tree pruning

Young trees refer to the period from the time of planting and survival to the flowering result, generally 3-4 years. The principle of pruning young trees is to cut lightly, sparsely, and leave more branches. The greater the amount of foliage, the more organic nutrients are produced, and the faster the formation, the sooner it enters the result phase.

(1) In the main branch extension branch in the short cut, promote long branch, expand the crown. (2) The upright branches on the back have a strong growth potential. If they do not add treatment, they may become competition branches and disturb the tree shape. The sparse method is generally used. (3) The moderately weak branches tend to grow slowly and have few branches. They should be pruned and cultivated into small fruiting branches to prolong their lifespan and exert their production potential. The first young short cut, the second year of the middle and long branches in the middle and short cuts, the third year, only the implementation of short cuts in the long branches, the remaining branches slow release, and promote its early results. (4) Pull open branches on the main branches to ease the growth.

Third, the pruning of fruit trees

In the early fruit period of 2-3 years after the young stage, students enter the full fruit period by 6-8 years. The main task of this period of pruning is to maintain a strong tree, maintain the results of the results of the branch, and extend economic life. Pruning should be done with retracting and renewing methods to maintain the tree's growth. The backbone sticks and the result stick groups are whether to continue to slow down or retract, and the use of put and shrink must be moderate, so that the shrinkage is not prosperous and the dumping is not weak. In the fruit-bearing period, the tree must be carefully trimmed to the result of the branch, so that the result of the three branches of the fruit, nutrient stick, and the preparation of the supporting branch, so as to maintain a strong growth, obtain high yield, stable production.

Four, aging tree pruning

After the cherry tree enters the aging period, it should be planned to update and rejuvenate each year. After batch harvesting, large branches are retracted. Usually, several shoots are sprouted in the lower part of the wound. Select 1-2 ones in the appropriate direction and angle to replace the original weak branch. Efforts should be made to erase the remaining dense sections as soon as possible. To promote the growth of elections. When the preserved stalk is 20 centimeters long, it will be picked up, promoted its branching, and restored the tree vigor and yield as soon as possible. In the second year of rejuvenation, based on the strength of tree-trends, the slow-release mechanism will be adopted, and the remaining backbone branches will be appropriately selected to maintain the robust and stable yield of the tree-trend.


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Edible value
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