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Scientists in China have recently completed the complete "genuine map" of rice and conducted related research. The relevant results were published in the international journal "PLoS Biology" (Volume 3, No. 2 of 2005). Experts believe that the completion of the "fine map" of the rice genome will allow scientists to study the differences among various rice subspecies and explore the mechanism of hybrid superiority at a new level, laying the foundation for comparative genomics and evolutionary studies of Gramineae plants. Rice is an important food crop and a model organism for grasses. In 2000, the Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences launched the "Hybrid Rice Genome Project" in China to reveal the molecular mechanism of hybrid superiority and provide a theoretical basis for the high yield and selection of crops. In 2002, the "framework" of Chinese hybrid rice genome work was published in the form of a cover article in the "Science" volume 296, volume 5565. In recent years, scientists from the Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, have conducted further tests to search for 97.7% of rice genes in the genomes of two rice subspecies, indica and japonica. After correcting the error, scientists estimate that the number of rice genes is between 38,000 and 40,000, of which only 2% to 3% are unique to two rice subspecies, that is, the genetic differences between the two rice subspecies are very different. small. Compared with the 2002 rice genome work frame map, the "fine map" has higher work efficiency and data quality. The researchers also analyzed the history of rice genome replication and found 18 pairs of apparently duplicated fragments, covering 65.7% of the genome sequence. Of these, 17 pairs of replication occurred before the differentiation of Gramineae plants. More importantly, the ongoing replication of a single gene provides an infinite source of raw material for the gene's origin, which is the main reason for the difference between the "family" of grass families. In 2005, the Beijing Institute of Genomics will also complete the assembly and analysis of the entire genome sequence of the hybrid rice parent Pei'ai 64 (the main genetic background is indica rice, indica rice and Java rice inflow), and then found that the hybrid gene is The distribution of progeny and changes in physiological traits, thus revealing the causes of "hybrid dominance" in hybrid rice.