In recent years, the temperature of summer squash cultivation has expanded, and in some areas it has become one of the major vegetable varieties supplied by the winter and spring season. In the cultivation of summer cucurbits in summer greenhouse, the use of 2,4-D liquid squid to promote fruit set has been widely used, but in many places, 2,4-D phytotoxicity occurs from time to time, and some cause serious losses.
Characteristics of 1,2,4-D phytotoxicity It was observed that the 2,4-D phytotoxicity of the summer squash in the solar greenhouse is characterized by 2-3 days after flowering, the leaves of the young leaves are rolled up, and the leaves are distorted and distorted. The mesophyll was degraded, with prominent veins and stiffness, and it was severely chicken-like. The farmers called it chicken paw disease. The growing point is stiff and shrinking, causing the disappearance of growth points. The young fruit is dark green and short, and the female flower cannot be normally opened, and is mostly semi-open. The stalks are obviously thicker, and some are over the young fruit base. Most of the victims suffered from coarse and sharp tipped melons, losing their value. The stem section of the infected plant was shortened, and the petiole was often milky at the place of its stem, and the milky white nodule was severely damaged. The lower middle leaves of the affected plants are dark green. Seriously, it loses its luster and is aging. The impact of 2,4-D injury on the production of summer gourd in the solar greenhouse depends on the degree of victimization and the number of affected plants. According to a survey conducted in the southern part of Hebei Province, the loss of the heavy greenhouse output reached more than 70%. In many places, the 2,4-D phytotoxicity was misdiagnosed as a viral disease.
Second, the cause of 2,4-D injury
(1) The concentration of the prepared 2,4-D solution is too high or the amount of the liquid used during the flowering is large. (2) Drop the drug on the blade or growth point, or use a large-mouth container to hold the drug solution. Do not cover the drug after use. Evaporate the water to cause high concentrations.
(3) Some unsatisfactory pro-cone-based medicines assigned to 2,4-D were used.
Third, prevention and control methods There is currently no special antidote to 2,4-D injury, in the production should adhere to the main prevention, scientific medication. The preparation of liquid medicine should be rigorous dose ratio. In the deep winter season, 1 g of 2,4-D is 35 kg of water; in spring, the temperature is increased, and 1 g of 2,4-D is 40 kg of water. The concentration of the liquid is too low, and the proportion of low fruit set or sharp-mouthed melon is too large; the concentration of liquid medicine is too high and it is easy to produce phytotoxicity. Do not use excessive amounts of liquid medicine when writing with a brush. Be careful to prevent drops of the drug on the leaves or growing points. In recent years, many people in southern Taiwan have used syringes to suck liquids and spray female stigmas through fine needles, which works well. Tighten the containers after each flowering to prevent the concentration from increasing due to evaporation of water. We must adhere to the use of qualified drugs produced by regular factories and eliminate the use of counterfeit and inferior drugs. For some new products that can promote fruit setting, it is necessary to try it out first, and after the effect is good and the usage method is mastered, it is decided to use it in a large area.
The speed of mitigation of 2,4-D injury in summer cucurbits of summer cucurbits is related to temperature and moisture. Winter can be alleviated under normal management conditions for more than 40 days. Symptoms can be relieved in spring for 20-30 days, and the temperature can be appropriately increased. , And increase the water supply, can reduce the time for remission and reduce losses. Remove the malformed melon in time for the phytotoxic plants. For greenhouses with serious 2,4-D harm, it is imperative that they be removed.

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