Ecological Restoration Theory of Fermentation Bed

Ecological fermentation bed aquaculture technology refers to an ecological farming model that utilizes the principles of microbiology, ecology, and fermentation engineering, and uses active functional microbes as the “conversion center” of material energy. For example, the core of the ecological fermentation bed technology lies in the long-term use of active microbial complexes with beneficial functions (that is, it cannot work tomorrow, can not be performed in the past two months, and can no longer work in the next two months) and continues to be stable (ie, It is not time to be good or bad, nor can it be a meal full of hunger.) It is a pollution-free, zero-emissions target that converts animal waste and urine waste into useful substances and energy, and at the same time realizes the complete degradation of excrement of pigs and other animals. The latest kind of environment-friendly farming model.

There is a "gradient phenomenon" and a gradual fermentation process in the fermentation bed. For example, due to the gravity of the object, the humidity and moisture content of the mat in the fermentation bed that normally runs for more than half a year generally always increase from the top to the bottom (the newly made bed has a high and low water content), forming a “longitudinal moisture gradient”. And because pigs are always accustomed to urine in a fixed place, plus the hysteresis of water absorption of sawdust bedding and the water evaporates successively, so the layer of fermented mattresses is fixed to the swine from the fixed position of the pig, and its Humidity and moisture content decline in turn, forming the so-called "transverse humidity gradient" of the fermentation bed. Fermentation conditions (including fermentation bactericides, aeration, nutrients, pH, etc.) are optimized for fermentation and rapid fermentation. Fermentation conditions are followed by inferior fermentation and slow fermentation. Correspondingly, a “fermentation intensity gradient” is formed. Progressively, the entire pigsty will form a dynamic equilibrium.

The internal ecosystem of the fermentation bed itself is a continuous process of “repairing” and “being repaired”. Due to the pigs pulling everywhere and filling the arches, the indicators of nutrient richness and moisture in the fermentation bed are very uneven. It is assumed that within the small area of ​​the bed in the fermentation bed, for example 0.04 square meters (20 centimeters long and 20 centimeters wide), after the pig's excrement is pulled down, functional microbes begin to colonize in a day or two. In the second and third time, as the nutrition of manure increased, the intensity of fermentation increased, and the reproduction of microorganisms accelerated, gradually reaching the highest value. When the pigs pull down the excreta again for the fourth time, the fifth time.....the nth time, the nutrient begins to oversupply and exceeds the digestibility of the functional microbes. At the same time, because the urine also becomes more and more, making the dunnage The internal air permeability rapidly declines, and it becomes less and less suitable for the proliferation of oxygen-consuming microorganisms. The rate of growth and reproduction of microorganisms begins to decline after reaching the highest peak. If the pigs continue to pull down the excreta, it will cause a return to this small piece. The normal operation of the fermentation bed undergoes substantial damage, and this small piece will soon stop running.

But the actual situation will become much better. Why? Because each time the pig pulls urine and feces is not always strictly within a fixed range, it is not possible to reach a precision of a few square centimeters. In addition, the pig also has one of the most important characteristics, that is, like to turn over the arch, for a while this pig, the pig will continue to turn over the arch for a while, causing the excrement to be pushed into other parts of the surrounding, feces and urine It is also absorbed by other litters in the other B, so it is generally difficult to accumulate to a level that severely affects normal fermentation. Sometimes, in extreme cases, too much excreta can accumulate, with catastrophic consequences. However, the regular manufacturers' products, such as fermentation bed strains, have very good resistance to stress due to their functional microbes, and have a certain degree of tolerance to humidity or moisture. If they do not exceed their limits for a long time, they can still recover within a few days. Normal growth and reproduction, this is the so-called "ecological repair" or "ecology is repaired" process in the fermentation bed.

"Repair" is the conscious or active tumbling behavior of the management personnel on the urine. If the pig farmer sees that there is too much excrement of urine in one corner of the pen, it will be manually toppled, landfilled and dispersed. Actively improve the mixture of excrement and dunnage, so that the fermentation bed normal operation; and "repaired" is a passive process, that is, let the pig subconsciously continue to overturn, arch, eliminate the excessive accumulation of local excrement, the fermentation The bed is operating normally. The vast majority of the fermentation beds in the actual farms are undergoing an “ecologically restored” process. The normal operation of the fermentation beds, their ecological restoration and ecological restoration are always ongoing.

Knowing the process of ecological restoration and restoration is not only conducive to the correct selection of fermentation bed products and technology, but also conducive to the correct management and maintenance of the fermentation bed, and can bring good economic benefits to farmers or avoid major economic losses.

First, in selecting fermentation bed products, regular manufacturers and manufacturers with good technical support should be selected. For example, if there are small miscellaneous brands or small stall products, the activity and resistance of the strains themselves will be poor, and once the unfavorable conditions such as excessive accumulation of excrement will occur, the strains will immediately die, the chance of being repaired will be small, and the users will suffer heavy losses. The fermented bed strain has good dormancy function, strong activity, and powerful self-recovery function. Generally, this phenomenon will not occur and can be selected.

Secondly, full-lap pull training can be conducted while the pig enters the pen quarters, so as to reduce the manual tipping over, reduce the local small-scale pupa caused by the burial, and promote the fermentation to be carried out fully and intactly. In addition, the ecological restoration time can be reduced or shortened, and the efficiency of the fermentation bed can be increased accordingly.

Thirdly, if the training is not successful when the full circle of Sella is not successful, the administrator may be reminded that the person should be overturned to reduce the chance of bad bed and dead bed. It can be used to turn over the litter on the fermentation bed from time to time. The purpose is to increase the ventilation of the litter, ventilation conditions, adjust the moisture, remove excess moisture by heat or water vapor to assist the fast fermentation bed. repair. The same can also be used artificial "fat slimming", "pumping up bad", "drawing more supplements less" approach, such as increasing the overturning, stirring evenly, nutritional supplements, etc., so that the fermentation bed as soon as possible to form a relatively balanced fermentation Situation, improve operational efficiency.

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